Chemicals & Materials

The International Maritime Organization's (IMO) has adopted new emissions standards, MARPOL Annex VI, for large ships and their fuels in order to reduce air pollution from the global shipping industry. For the Sulfur Emission Control Area (SECA), including North Sea and California, starting from 1...

The need for filtration systems in scrubbing units has been well documented. Filtration provides the benefits of reduced hot spots in the regenerator reboiler, reduced heat exchanger fouling and reduction of foaming in the absorbers. This paper discusses thin-cake candle filter technology that is...

A 19 KBPD commercial Catalytic Reforming Unit using a 4-bed stacked reactor for the production of BTX has been simulated. The underlying chemistry of Catalytic Reforming on noble metal-loaded acid catalysts is modeled by means of a computer-generated reaction network consisting of 50,000+...

Benzene, toluene and xylene separation is a requirement for the production of the many valuable aromatic based materials used in consumer and industrial products. There are several options in performing these separations by distillation. This paper discusses the energy usage and capital cost...

(Please Note: the audio does not start until 5 minutes 20 seconds as the speaker's microphone was not turned on.) A number of models have been proposed for the prediction of fouling rates in heat exchangers forming the pre-heat trains used in crude oil distillation units. Most of these models...

At approximately 10:15 p.m. on Sunday, May 17, 2009, there was a sudden and large hydrocarbon release from a main process pipe in the Ethylene Unit at the Sunoco Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania Refinery. The release found an ignition source at an operating process furnace within 2 seconds, resulting in a...

This paper discusses the impact of silicon on the deactivation of naphtha desulphurization, pygas hydrotreatment and platforming catalysts, and describes an improvement in the feedstock quality control, motivated by the occurrence of that contaminant in the straight run naphtha used by Braskem...

This paper describes two case histories of corrosion failures. The first case history describes metal dusting of the tubes and tubesheet from the process side in the horizontal TLE. The tubesheet of TLE was overlayed with Alloy 625 to prevent erosion. Deposition on the waterside allowed higher than...

This tutorial will begin with a brief introduction to molecular sieves followed by a description of the process, covering overall operation of the charge gas dryer including adsorption and regeneration steps. Key design considerations will be discussed along with optimization and troubleshooting...

Increased emphasis is being placed on renewable, sustainable, domestic forms of energy, including transportation fuels, at national, state and local levels. Successful deployment of alternative solutions to petroleum-based liquid fuels for the transportation industry is dependent upon technical,...