Modeling of Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices for Electric Vehicles

Abstract:  Electrochemical energy storage devices such as lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles have to be designed and optimized for performance , life [[i] ,[ii] ,[iii]] , safety and cost. Customers of plug-in hybrid and all-electric vehicles may also place a premium on the ability to quickly recharge the battery. Modeling and simulation enables detailed spatial-temporal analyses of responses of interest which may be impossible or difficult to be determined by experiments. This is also usually achieved at a fraction of time and cost compared to experiments. Isothermal , physics-based model [[iv]] was used to simulate the galvanostatic charge and discharge performance [[v]] of dual lithium-ion insertion cell sandwich at various current densities. Modeling results were validated with experimental data and accuracy of parameters [[vi]] was analyzed. The limitations to cell performance at high charge [[vii]] and discharge rates were quantified in terms of their contributions to cell overpotential and further analyzed.  Simple expressions were provided to quickly evaluate resistances and potential drop wherever feasible. Engineering solutions for averting bottlenecks to fast charge acceptance and high rate discharge performance and the corresponding improvements in performance were developed from the simulations. Ongoing university collaborations [[viii]] , [[ix]] , [[x]] to address these issues and other in-house efforts to understand [[xi]] and measure [[xii]] the input parameters for modeling supplier cell chemistry [[xiii]] and Li-Si negative electrode [[xiv] ,[xv]] will be briefly mentioned. Acknowledgements: Andy Drews and Ted Miller are acknowledged for the support. [i]. R. Chandrasekaran , W. Bi , T. F. Fuller , J. Power Sources , 182 (2008) 546–557. [ii]. R. Chandrasekaran , J. Denis , M. Skinner , T. F. Fuller , # 457c , AIChE Annual Meeting Proceedings , November 2008. [iii]. R. Chandrasekaran , G. Sikha , B. N. Popov , J. Applied Electrochemistry , 35(10) , 1005 – 1013 (2005). [iv]. Thomas F. Fuller , Marc Doyle , John Newman , J. Electrochem. Soc. , 141(1) , 1994 , 1-10. [v]. R. Chandrasekaran , Y. Seong , C. Bae , J. Jung , K. Kim , K. Cheong , T. J. Miller , Talk # F4.05 , Materials Research Society (MRS) Online Proceedings , Spring 2013 Meeting (under review). [vi]. R. Chandrasekaran , Talk # O6.9 , MRS Spring Meeting , April 2012. [vii]. R. Chandrasekaran , Electrochemical Society (ECS) Fall Meeting , San Francisco , Oct 27- Nov 1 , 2013 (abstract submitted). [viii]. R. Chandrasekaran , A. R. Drews , A. Shaligram , J. Sakamoto , MRS Proceedings (online) , Volume 1440 , 2012.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.1287 [ix]. J. Sakamoto , E. Rangasamy , H. Lee , R. Chandrasekaran , A.R. Drews , T.J.Miller , Talk # J16.07 , MRS Fall Meeting , Boston , 2012. [x]. V. George and T. F. Fuller , ECS Fall Meeting , Abstract # 1215 , Hawaii , 2012. [xi]. D. M. Bernardi , R. Chandrasekaran , J. Y. Go , J. Electrochem. Soc. , 2013 (under review). [xii]. H. Wen , A. R. Drews , T.J. Miller , M. Karulkar , V. Anandan , R. Chandrasekaran , Battery Congress Proceedings , April 2013. [xiii]. D.M. Bernardi , J. Go , J. Power Sources 196 (2011) 412–427. [xiv]. R. Chandrasekaran , A. Magasinski , G. Yushin , T.F. Fuller , J. Electrochem.Soc. , 157 (10) , A1139-A1151 (2010). [xv]. R. Chandrasekaran and T.F. Fuller , J. Electrochem.Soc. , 158 (8) A859-A871 (2011).