(227c) Sustainable and Renewable Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles for Fuel and Crop Production
AIChE Annual Meeting
2019
2019 AIChE Annual Meeting
Topical Conference: Synthetic & Renewable Fuels
Renewable Fuels Production from Captured CO2 and Hydrogen
Monday, November 11, 2019 - 4:30pm to 5:00pm
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
University line-height:12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"> normal">Cambridge, MA
02138 USA text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly"> text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly"> line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly">Hybrid biological | inorganic (HBI)
constructs have been created to use sunlight, air and water (as the only
starting materials) to accomplish carbon and nitrogen fixation, thus providing
a path to a sustainable nitrogen and carbon cycle for distributed and renewable
fuels and crop production. inter-ideograph;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly">The
carbon and nitrogen fixation cycles begin with the artificial leaf, which was
invented to accomplish the solar process of natural photosynthesis – the
splitting of water to hydrogen and oxygen using sunlight – under ambient
conditions. To create the artificial leaf, an oxygen evolving complex of
Photosystem II was mimicked, the most important property of which was the
self-healing nature of the catalyst. Self-healing catalysts of the artificial
leaf permit water splitting to be accomplished under benign conditions and thus
the system may be easily interfaced with bioorganisms. To this end, using the
tools of synthetic biology, a bio-engineered bacterium converts carbon dioxide
from air, along with the hydrogen produced from the catalysts of the artificial
leaf, into biomass and liquid fuels, thus closing an entire artificial
photosynthetic cycle. The HBI, called the Bionic Leaf, operates at
unprecedented solar-to-biomass (10.7%) and solar-to-liquid fuels (6.2%) efficiencies,
greatly exceeding the 1% efficiency of natural photosynthesis. 180.25pt;mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:305.55pt;
mso-element-top:98.1pt;mso-height-rule:exactly">
inter-ideograph;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly">Extending
this approach, we have discovered a renewable and distributed synthesis of
ammonia (and fertilizer) at ambient conditions by coupling solar-based water
splitting to a nitrogen fixing bioorganism in a single reactor. Nitrogen is
fixed to ammonia by using the hydrogen produced from water splitting to power a
nitrogenase installed in a bioorganism. Nitrogen reduction reaction proceeds at
a turnover number of 1010 per cell and operates without the need for
a carbon feedstock (other than the CO2 provided from air). This
nitrogen fixing HBI can be powered by distributed renewable electricity,
enabling sustainable crop production with a large and negative carbon budget. inter-ideograph;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly">The
science that will be presented will show that using only sunlight, air and
water, distributed and renewable systems may be designed to produce fuel (carbon
neutral) and food (carbon negative) within sustainable cycles for the biogenic
elements.
false 6 pt 2 2 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE
Sustainable and
Renewable Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles for Fuel and Crop Production
University line-height:12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"> normal">Cambridge, MA
02138 USA text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly"> text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly"> line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly">Hybrid biological | inorganic (HBI)
constructs have been created to use sunlight, air and water (as the only
starting materials) to accomplish carbon and nitrogen fixation, thus providing
a path to a sustainable nitrogen and carbon cycle for distributed and renewable
fuels and crop production. inter-ideograph;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly">The
carbon and nitrogen fixation cycles begin with the artificial leaf, which was
invented to accomplish the solar process of natural photosynthesis – the
splitting of water to hydrogen and oxygen using sunlight – under ambient
conditions. To create the artificial leaf, an oxygen evolving complex of
Photosystem II was mimicked, the most important property of which was the
self-healing nature of the catalyst. Self-healing catalysts of the artificial
leaf permit water splitting to be accomplished under benign conditions and thus
the system may be easily interfaced with bioorganisms. To this end, using the
tools of synthetic biology, a bio-engineered bacterium converts carbon dioxide
from air, along with the hydrogen produced from the catalysts of the artificial
leaf, into biomass and liquid fuels, thus closing an entire artificial
photosynthetic cycle. The HBI, called the Bionic Leaf, operates at
unprecedented solar-to-biomass (10.7%) and solar-to-liquid fuels (6.2%) efficiencies,
greatly exceeding the 1% efficiency of natural photosynthesis. 180.25pt;mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:305.55pt;
mso-element-top:98.1pt;mso-height-rule:exactly">
|
|
this approach, we have discovered a renewable and distributed synthesis of
ammonia (and fertilizer) at ambient conditions by coupling solar-based water
splitting to a nitrogen fixing bioorganism in a single reactor. Nitrogen is
fixed to ammonia by using the hydrogen produced from water splitting to power a
nitrogenase installed in a bioorganism. Nitrogen reduction reaction proceeds at
a turnover number of 1010 per cell and operates without the need for
a carbon feedstock (other than the CO2 provided from air). This
nitrogen fixing HBI can be powered by distributed renewable electricity,
enabling sustainable crop production with a large and negative carbon budget. inter-ideograph;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly">The
science that will be presented will show that using only sunlight, air and
water, distributed and renewable systems may be designed to produce fuel (carbon
neutral) and food (carbon negative) within sustainable cycles for the biogenic
elements.