(299d) Investigating the Effecitive Parameters in Optimizing Reverse Osmosis Technology for Water Treatment

As population growth, water scarcity become the major issue of concern. There are different types of desalination technologies such as thermal which includes multi- stage flash (MSF) and Multiple effect distillation (MED), and membrane based technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO) , electrodialysis (ED), electrodialysis reversal (EDR), membrane distillation (MD) and forward osmosis (FO) to provide fresh water. Among these processes Reverse Osmosis has shown the highest capabilities commercially. In this regard, optimizing RO system become a significant concern in order to decrease water production cost and make it more affordable. The process optimization depends on parameters such as temperature, pressure, membrane characteristics and feed water constituents. This paper presents a comprehensive review and assessment on the factors which affect the performance of the inland reverse osmosis system. A review on the major advancement in energy issues, water recovery, membrane characteristics, concentrate disposal, RO cost is done.