(117a) Non Bacterial SYNTHESIS of Biofuel from Cellulose

For the production of biofuel from cellulose and other polysaccarides, fermentation was the prior technology used. But the development of strain in bacterium races inorder to increase the yield of desired product turned a bit tougher and expensive. Moreover, this time taking process was not evoluted after calculation of negative effects on increase in fermenting races population. For the formulation of the biofuel, in a nonbacterial way is possible by artificial fermentation. In fermentation, hydrolysis of cellulose , formation of sugars, formation of smaller carbohydrates and then formation of smaller alcohols which best suit as substitutes for petroleum chemicals are the observable chemical reactions. These reactions can be made out in lab in a non bacterial way. Though cellulose resists for hydrolysis when compared with hardwood hemicellulose and many other polysaccarides, it can get hydrolysed by establishing vigourous physical and catalytic conditions on it.Cellulose when combined with 4carbon chloride complex and is exposed for a higher temperature in presence of strong acid, cellose gets hydrolysed. Then obtained products behave as monosaccaride sugars obviously becouse hydrolysis is done. Theses sugars can be converted to higher carbon numberd alcohols by catalytic reaction with HI.carbon number depends upon the monomer of polysaccaride.If it is the case with cellulose, it is hexa carbon carbohydrate like glucose, fructose. This states that the reaction went on is hydrolysis inspite of pyrolysis. The obtained higher carbon numbered alcohol can be cracked down upto 4carbon alcohols using anhydrous pyrolysis reaction, resulting into a variety of alcohols and hydrocarbons which can be distilled further for employing each chemical in a separate substitution for an existing petrochemicals.

This process typically involves few steps for synthesis of smaller alcohols that can substitute gasoline and LPG in common appliances which are already in use in market. Existing automobiles , cooking and other industries which use energy through petrochemicals can get benifited by this reaction by converting their price of production much lower than the existing prices. This process is also applicable for biowastes like starch.