AIChE

Modeling of LNG Spills Into Trenches and Troughs

Apr 5, 2012
Nicolas F. Ponchaut
Trenches and troughs are commonly used in LNG storage and transfer facilities to contain potential LNG spills. The trenches are concrete-lined rectangular channels dug into the ground. They are typically slightly inclined from the horizontal to direct the flow of LNG towards the sump and they are...

Service Life Prediction of 9% Ni Steel LNG Storage Tank Using Fatigue Analysis

Apr 5, 2012
Seung-Rim Lee
As the design life expiration date(about 25 years) approaches for domestic LNG storage tank, the issue of tank lifetime extension is paid more and more attention by the Korea LNG industry. Recently, Korea Gas Safety Corporation is carrying out a project for developing technologies and standards for...

Designing LNG Vapor Dispersion Exclusion Zones to Protect the Public

Apr 5, 2012
Jerry Havens
The LNG industry, if not the entire energy industry, may be at a crossroad. Expectation of large shale gas supplies in the United States, with a backdrop of international economies in precarious states, makes more uncertain the promise of major investments in LNG import facilities. Already, a...

Appropriate Placement of Compressors and Expanders

Apr 4, 2012
Truls Gundersen
The term “Appropriate Placement” was introduced in Pinch Analysis during the 1980s to indicate how special unit operations should be correctly integrated with the background process to ensure maximum energy savings. Pinch Analysis has provided guidelines for the design of heat exchanger networks as...

Strategic Chemistry

Apr 4, 2012
Troy Schuenemann
Optimizing the clearing and cleaning of process units during turnarounds. Primary discussion involves the three key areas related to an effective, timely cleaning plan. Chemistry, planning and execution. Minimization of effluent is also addressed. Overall timeliness, from oil out to vessel entry,...

Emergency Block Valves

Apr 4, 2012
Joe Viviano
An Emergency Block Valves (EBV) is used as a means of isolating flammable or toxic substances in the event of a leak or fire. The installation, and use, of EBV's in many hydrocarbon services will significantly reduce the potential of fire and explosion damages caused by loss of hydrocarbon...

The Rayleigh Equation Revisited What to Do When Alpha Isn't Constant

Apr 4, 2012
Robert G. Kunz
Abstract Integration of the Rayleigh Equation for batch distillation in closed analytical form has heretofore required that relative volatility (α) be assumed constant. A new technique presented in this paper produces a continuous analytical function for the Rayleigh Equation integral whether α is...

Panel Discussion on Turnaround Excellence

Apr 4, 2012
Bobby Vichich
A panel of industry experts will discuss topics of interest to Ethylene Producers with respect to turnaround excellence. Topics will be solicited from session attendees during the paper portion of the session. Prepared discussion topics will include: How are late scope changes handled, Is there...

Simple Opportunities for Improving Energy Efficiency

Apr 4, 2012
Energy efficiency has become an important theme in the process industries, and many companies have implemented sophisticated strategies to improve both the design and the operation of their plants. However, many efficiency improvements are possible simply by doing basic things right. This article...

Design Challenges in Tankage Modernization

Apr 4, 2012
James Kong
In order to comply with regulation requirements, a refinery needs to perform major revamps to produce different grades of Diesel, namely ULSD, Off-road Grade and Regular Diesel. The existing tankage allocation needs to be changed to accommodate the hydrotreater feed components and the new products...

Hydrotreating of Biooils to Jet Fuels: An Overview

Apr 4, 2012
Maoqi Feng
This paper will give an overview of the current status of jet fuels production from hydrotreating of biooils, including vegetable oils and microalgae oils. Hydrotreating of biooils is different from the conventional hydrotreating process; there are two reasons: 1) Different routes. There are at...

Guidelines for Jetting and Flashing LNG Vapor Exclusion Zone Analysis

Apr 4, 2012
Delmar R. Morrison
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has been a growing energy resource in the U.S., for which significant import and storage infrastructure was developed in the past decade. The infrastructure for liquefaction and export has also been developing as a result of recent shale gas finds in North America. In...

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