Process safety status in China
Apr 4, 2012
Dongfeng Zhao
Process safety status in China
Research and Development
Focuses on the process safety of research and development facilities of companies/plants and as well as the research development to advance the practice of process safety.
More LOPA Misapplied: Common Errors and How to Avoid Them
Apr 4, 2012
Karen Study
Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) continues to be more and more widely utilized in the Petrochemical and other industries. LOPA is a “simplified” tool, which is true relative to tools such as Quantitative Risk Assessment and Fault Tree Analysis. However, simplified does not mean simple on an...
Proven in Use (What's the Quality of Your Data)
Apr 4, 2012
Harold W. Thomas
To perform LOPA's, fault tree analysis, SIL verifications and other quantitative likelihood analyses requires data. As much as everyone wants data, it always seems to be elusive or lacking in quality. This paper explores various issues that the authors have experienced when dealing with end user...
Identification of Process Hazards in Laboratories and Pilot Plants
Apr 3, 2012
Christine Browning
The focus of most laboratory experiments and piloting operations is the development of a new, innovative chemical process or the improvement of an existing chemical process. These activities are designed to, and focus on, evaluation of the intended chemistry for the process being studied. The...
Case Histories and Technology Innovations for StorageTank Loss Prevention
Apr 3, 2012
Szu-ying Huang
Storage tanks are most common material containing units in process industries. There have been many accidents associated within storage tank (material deficiency, structure design failures, operation error etc.) or among storage areas throughout the history. For example, overfilling has already...
Maintain Safety Excellence in Laboratory Test Facilities
Apr 3, 2012
Amy Theis
Our laboratory contains calorimeters to characterize reactive chemical hazards and multiple different instruments to characterize both dust and gas/vapor explosion hazards. It is a challenge to ensure that each project is completed safely since a wide variety of chemicals are used. Our goal at...
Flammability Limits of HYDROGEN and ITS MIXTURES with Hydrocarbons In AIR AT Atmospheric and SUB-Atmospheric PRESSURES
Apr 2, 2012
Hai Le
FLAMMABILITY LIMITS OF HYDROGEN AND ITS MIXTURES WITH HYDROCARBONS IN AIR AT ATMOSPHERIC AND SUB-ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURES Hai Le, Subramanya Nayak, M. Sam Mannan The knowledge of hydrogen flammability characteristics, especially flammability limits, is of particular importance and interest because of...
Design - Educating the Next Generation of PSM Professionals
Apr 2, 2012
Daniel Crowl
Design - PSM Education
Deriving Major Accident Failure Frequencies with a Storybuilder Analysis of Reportable Accidents
Apr 2, 2012
Henk Jan Manuel
Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) is used in the Netherlands and the UK for site permitting and land-use planning around industries with dangerous substances. For example, individual risk contours resulting from a QRA determine where houses and other types of constructions may exist. Therefore,...
Social HAZOP At Oil Refine Industry
Apr 2, 2012
Salvador ¡vila Filho
Introduction Maintenance of process safety in the industry several tools are used such as Risk Analysis, Failure mode and events Analysis (FMEA), a Hazard operability analysis (HAZOP), Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA), and Mapping Risk. Each tool or technique, if used at the right time can prevent...
The Buncefield Explosion: Were the Resulting Overpressures Really Unforeseeable?
Mar 14, 2011
Jérôme R. Taveau
On Sunday 11 December 2005, a severe unconfined vapour cloud explosion followed by several tank fires occurred at the Buncefield oil storage depot in England, causing widespread damage to homes and businesses surrounding the site, hopefully without any victim. The damage caused by the resulting...
Guidelines for Identifying and Mitigating Thermal Hazards of Sustainable Materials
Mar 14, 2011
Delmar R. Morrison
Sustainable materials and technologies (a.k.a. ?Green?) are those that are ?delivered with progressively less negative impact upon the Earth.? Thermal hazards such as self-heating, thermal runaway, fires, and explosions may be associated with a particular sustainable material or process technology...
CFD Modeling Applications to Hydrogen Vehicle Explosion Safety Studies
Mar 14, 2011
Filippo Gavelli
The introduction of alternate fuel vehicles leads to new safety challenges. This is particularly relevant in the case of hydrogen vehicles, as flammable mixtures of hydrogen and air can be very dangerous. Potential hazard scenarios include gaseous or liquid hydrogen leaks, accumulation and ignition...
Two-Phase Jet Releases and Droplet Dispersion: Rainout Experiments and Model Validation
Mar 14, 2011
Henk W. M. Witlox
Many accidents involve two-phase releases of hazardous chemicals into the atmosphere. Rainout results in reduced concentrations in the remaining cloud, but can also lead to extended cloud duration because of re-evaporation of the rained-out liquid. For accurate hazard assessment one must accurately...
Improvement of BLEVE Overpressure Method Using Historical Data
Mar 13, 2011
Fei Chen
The current CCPS/TNO's BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) overpressure methodology is derived from that published by Baker in 1975. This methodology assumes isentropic expansion work and uses Baker's graphical method and high-explosive correlation to calculate BLVE energy and...
The UK Experience In Managing Risks Arising From Human Error
Mar 13, 2011
David Embrey
Following the Piper Alpha incident in the North Sea, both offshore and onshore Oil and Gas operators in the UK were required under the COMAH (Control of Major Accident Hazards) regulations to submit a Safety Case setting out how the risks in their installations were to be managed. After many years...
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