Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) – Case Studies and Application Experience

LOPA is now widely used to evaluate risk. In its original form and subsequent modifications, LOPA is applied beyond the petrochemical industries. Its conservative risk tolerance, ease of use, and semi-quantitative consequence ranking make it attractive to all levels of personnel. Challenges remain in integrating LOPA with PHA, and incorporating it into the renewal cycle. This session welcomes papers discussing case studies on evaluating risk with LOPA, on justifying SIS decisions, and on extending it into nontraditional industries. Papers with particular emphasis on future developments will be given priority.