(104c) Towards Integration of Life Cycle Assessment within a Multi Objective Supply Chain Optimization Modeling Framework

This paper presents advancements in integration of multiple environmental indicators (CO2e, Human health, Ecosystem health) based on life cycle assessment methods within the framework of supply chain modeling and optimization. We present results related to the optimal design of supply chain networks with consideration of environmental and economic objectives. The environmental objective is measured through life cycle assessment indicators. IMPACT 2002+ methodology is used to evaluate the environmental scores. Global warming, human health damages and ecotoxicity impacts are considered for evaulating the environmental impacts. On the other hand, minimization of total production cost and maximization of net present value of the supply chain is another goal. A multi objective mixed integer linear programing (MILP) model is developed for optimal design of green supply chain. Multi objective optimization is accomplished through non dominated sorted genetic algorithm. The resulting Pareto-optimal curves demonstrate the tradeoff between economic and environmental pathways. This method considers life cycle emissions from cradle to gate for each process and suggests alternatives technologies for the reduction of these pollutants while considering financial implications. The method can be used to derive optimal solutions for scheduling and planning  or could be used to design future green supply chains. The methodology is demonstrated via several case studies.