(161aa) Applications of Advanced Polymers in Next-Generation Lithium Batteries

Polymers play essential roles in the research and development of rechargeable batteries, especially, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries which have been considered as a promising candidate of the next-generation power supply mainly because of their high theoretical energy density (up to five-fold compared to state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries). However, practical applications of Li-S batteries are mainly hindered by the insulating nature of sulfur and its intermediates, the polysulfide shuttle effect, and the formation and growth of lithium dendrites. Polymer materials play an important role in addressing these issues of Li-S batteries and their structures and functionalities can be manipulated to control the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries (e.g., cylability, rate capability, lifespan, etc.). In this presentation, I will concentrate on the applications of advanced polymers for achieving high-performance Li-S batteries: from liquid to solid-state cells. I will discuss: 1) how novel polymeric nanofiber separators improve the rate capability of Li-S cells and minimize the diffusion of polymer sulfides, and 2) how polymer-based solid-state electrolytes prevent the growth of the lithium dendrites, addressing the safety issue of Li-S cells. Finally, the critical research directions needed and the remaining challenges to be addressed in this area will be provided.