(638f) Nanoparticle-Coated Floss for Treatment of Periodontitis

inter-ideograph">S Boese HS Gill, “Nanoparticle-coated floss for
treatment of periodontitis”, American
Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) Annual
Meeting (November 2019), Orlando, FL, USA

inter-ideograph"> 11.0pt;font-family:" times new roman>Introduction:
Periodontal, or gum disease, is deleterious and
affects nearly 47.2% of adults over 30 years of age and approximately 70% of
people 65+ years old. Treatment of periodontitis consists of a variety of
methods: 1) Professional Cleaning AND Scaling/Root Planning (SRP) typically
done under anesthesia 2) Medication coupled with SRP 3) Er:YAG Light Therapy 4) Medication injected within
the affected gumline coupled with SRP (Current gold Standard) 5) Surgical
removal and tissue grafting. No treatment seems to be truly effective due to
bacterial persistence and reintroduction, so ‘management’ of the disease best
characterizes treatment. Herein, we introduce drug-coated floss to deliver
therapeutics able to address polymicrobe infection
and the inflammation process, but also physically remove plaque. This treatment
is expected to provide practitioners and patients the least invasive and most
effective delivery of medication.

inter-ideograph"> 11.0pt;font-family:" times new roman>Materials
and Methods: Un-waxed nylon braided floss was dip-coated with
sulforhodamine-B and/or coumarin 6 as a model drug either in free form or after
encapsulation in poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs). The
lengths of coated floss were passed four times within the gum line and tooth of
freshly excised porcine lower jaw immediately after euthanasia, so as to best
replicate natural in vivo moist conditions. The porcine jaw was then incubated
at 37 °C for 24 h on a raised platform in a pan filled with DI water. Images of
the lower jaw were captured immediately after flossing as well as after
incubation using a stereomicroscope. Delivery efficiency of floss payload to
the gum line was calculated using a mass balance and calibrated
spectrophotometry.

inter-ideograph"> 11.0pt;font-family:" times new roman>Results: Uniform coatings of sulforhodamine-B NPs ( normal">Fig 1A.1), coumarin 6 NPs, a combination of pure coumarin 6 and
sulforhodamine NPs (Fig 1A.2), and
pure sulforhodamine-B were applied on the floss. Coatings of sulforhodamine-B
NPs contained 504 ± 32.6 ng/inch and pure sulforhodamine-B contained 438.6 ±
46.3 ng/inch. While coatings of coumarin 6 NPs contained up to 530 µg/inch of which 82.2% was successfully delivered to the gingival space.
Of the sulforhodamine-B NP coated payload, 98% or 493.9 ng was delivered while
for pure sulforhodamine-B 30.6% or 134.2 ng was delivered ( normal">Fig 1B). The remaining 27.4% and 42% of sulforhodamine-B from the
pure coating was found spread on the tooth/gum tissue as well as residually
remaining on the floss length, respectively. normal"> After 24 h incubation, sulforhodamine-B diffused to a greater
extent in the NP case over pure sulforhodamine-B ( normal">Fig 1C).

inter-ideograph"> 11.0pt;font-family:" times new roman>Conclusion: Floss was uniformly coated with pure sulforhodamine, sulforhodamine-B
or coumarin 6 NPs, and a combination of coumarin 6 and sulforhodamine-B NPs. The
combined coating of coumarin 6 and sulforhodamine-B NPs showed the ability to
coat molecules possessing different hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics. Delivery
analysis showed near complete payload was relieved within the target tissue
area with NPs, but a much lesser amount of the pure coating was delivered.
Moreover, according to measured imagery the NP payload was not only relieved
but also diffused nearly twice the distance of pure sulforhodamine-B. Overall, our
data illustrates the potential of coated floss as a promising and innovative
modality for gum disease management. font-family:" times new roman>

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