(18e) Bio-Inspired Membrane Based Self-Organizing System

A “Biomembrane” is a highly-organized self-assembly of biomolecules (i.e. lipid, protein etc.) and a key interface for the survival of biological cell. The “Membranome” can be defined as the properties of vesicle (or liposome), which arise from the bilayer molecular assembly of amphiphiles, focusing on “emergent properties” which are not present in the individual components, and is gradually recognized as an important research methodology to investigate the potential functions of vesicles (or liposome) and to apply them for the bioprocess design [1,2]. “Self-Organizing System”, such as liposome or vesicle, possesses several benefits in the recognition of (bio)molecules, where it can recognize them with (i) electrostatic, (ii) hydrophobic interaction, and (iii) stabilization effect of hydrogen bonds at its surface. A key of next chemical engineering is the use of “Self-Organizing System”, where “enthalpy-driven” nature of chemical process would be converted to “entropy-driven” one. We call this strategy as “Bio-Inspired Chemical Engineering”. In this study, the basic and applied aspect of the self-organizing system were reviewed. (1) Phase equibrillium and physicochemical properties of self-organizing systems. Based on the spectroscopic studies (Raman spectroscopy, fluoresce spectroscopy with molecular probes, dielectric dispersion spectroscopy, etc.), the physicochemical properties of self-assembled membranes were characterized focusing on nano/mesoscale [3-6]. (2) Functions of Self-Organizing System. Emergent properties are provided by the designed membranes. For example, chiral recognition of amino acids could be achieved by the ordered membranes [7-10]. Liposomes could be utilized as a platform for enantioselective conversion in aqueous media [11-13]. (3) Its Application to the Development of the Chemical Process Devices. By immobilizing liposomes in hydrogel matrix, optical resolution of amino acids could be achieved [14-15]. In most cases, the microscopic properties of membranes, which were immobilized in matrix, played important roles in providing functions.

References

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