(622ad) 5 Fu (Fluorouracil) Loaded Sulfatedchitin Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery: Preparation, Characterization & Evaluation

5 Fu (Fluorouracil) loaded sulfatedchitin nanoparticles for drug delivery: Preparation, characterization & evaluation

TANVI JAIN^1,2, SUSHIL KUMAR¹ and P.K.DUTTA²

¹Department of Chemical Engineering

² Department of Chemistry

Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad 211004, India

ABSTRACT

Background: Now a days, natural polymers are much more attractive than man made polymers due to their excellent characteristics, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, renewability, solubility and permeability.  Chitin and its derivatives is being broadly utilized for the synthesis of nanocarriers for drug delivery applications as it has excellent properties of biocompatibility, nontoxic in nature.  The main limitation of chitin is insoluble in water due to its intermolecular hydrogen bonds therefore there have been many reports on its biomedical applications. Sulfated chitin, a water soluble derivative showed various biomedical features like antibacterial properties, anticoagulant activity and also immunological activity etc.

Experimental work:  In the present study, sulfatedchitin is prepared from chitin (Chitin derivative). After completion of reaction, solid state sulfatedchitin was obtained after dialysis against water for 2 days using freeze drier method. Then sulfatedchitin (SC) Preparation of sulfatedchitin nanoparticles is done by using cross linkers calcium chloride and ferric chloride using sonication method.

Characterization & evaluation: The prepared nanoparticles and drug loaded nanoparticles was characterized using FTIR analysis. FTIR spectra of desired samples have been carried out using Perkin Elmer Spectrum RXI-FTIR spectrophotometer with diffuse reflectance accessory in the wave-number range 400-4000 cm^-1 .The particle size was analyzed using microtrac particle size analyzer. Drug release profile was also studied using conventional method by using model drug 5-flourouracil. Drug loaded nanoparticles of known weight were kept in 10ml buffer and put on a shaker at 37°C. 3 ml of the buffer was removed from the solution  at regular time intervals and its absorbance recorded on Shimadzu UV spectrometer using 1.0-cm quartz cell at ambient temperature after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 24 h at wavelength 262 nm for  5-Fu. The same amount of buffer was replaced in the solution at regular intervals and thus drug release profile (%) was calculated. The encapsulation efficiency was also calculated.

Results and discussion: The ITIR spectra of sulfatedchitin are presented, here new absorptions appeared at around 2564cm^-1 and 1738 cm^-1. Adsorption appeared at around 2564 cm^-1  that corresponded to the ----SH group which represents the formation of sulfated chitin. The size of sulfatedchitin (SC) nanoparticle using particle size analyzer is 81.8 nm which helps in skin permeation. The swelling behavior shows that the highest swelling ratio in acidic medium than neutral and basic medium. Polyelectrolytes like chitin/sulfatedchitin swells at pH below pKa. Drug release profile was also studied with the model drug 5-fluorouracil. Drug release profiles indicate that 5-fluorouracil loaded sulfatedchitin nanoparticles give a sustained release in 24 h. The entrapment efficiency was found to be 65.73%.

Conclusion: Sulfatedchitin has been successfully prepared from chitin and its nanoparticles has been synthesised and evaluated by and physiochemical evaluation and characterization like FTIR, Swelling behavior. Drug release profiles indicate that 5-Fu loaded sulfatedchitin nanoparticles sustain release in 24 hours.

Key Words: Nanoparticles, Drug Delivery, characterization, evaluation, 5 fluorouracil, sulfatedchitin

Acknowledgement: TEQIP II grant, MNNIT Allahabad for providing  financial support for the research project entitled” Biochemical and bioengineering aspects of biopolymeric nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery”.

References

Zou,Y., Khor, E., (2009) Preparation of sulfated-chitins under homogeneous conditions. Carbohydr. Polym. 77, 516–525.

Dutta, P,K. , Dutta, J., Tripathi, V, S., (2004) Chitin and chitosan: Chemistry, properties and applications. J .Sci. Ind. Res. 63:20-31.