(698a) Non-Catalytic Oxidation of Carbon Black and Diesel Engine Soot Samples - Kinetics and Structure-Activity Relationships | AIChE

Other Sites & Tools

Technical Groups

(698a) Non-Catalytic Oxidation of Carbon Black and Diesel Engine Soot Samples - Kinetics and Structure-Activity Relationships

Authors 

Sharma, H. - Presenter, University of Connecticut
Pahalagedara, L., University of Connecticut
Joshi, A., Corning Incorporated
Suib, S., University of Connecticut
Mhadeshwar, A. B., University of Connecticut


More
than 13 million [[1]]diesel vehiclesare responsible for transportation of 94% of
the goods in US[[2]]and use 4 million barrels of diesel per day[[3]].
Diesel cars contribute up to 53% of the passenger cars sold in the European
market [[4]].
Despite the efficiency, durability, low operating cost, and reliability of
diesel engines, Particulate Matter (PM) emissions remain responsible for various
human health and environmental problems [[5]].
Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs) are the most popular aftertreatment
technology to meet the stringent PM emissions standards [[6], [7]].
However, periodic regeneration of DPF through efficient oxidation of PM or soot
remains a major challenge, especially due to the complex nature of soot. Structure
and oxidation activity of diesel soot is attributed to the combined effects of
fuel, lubricating oil, operating conditions, and engine type[[8]].
A wide range of kinetic parameters have been reported for soot oxidation, e.g.,
activation energy lies in the range of 40-300 kJ/mol [[9]].
Current understanding about the soot morphology and its quantitative impact on
the oxidation activity is also limited. In this work, we have investigated the non-catalytic
oxidation kinetics of 14 carbon black samples including diesel engine soot
using Thermo Gravimetric Analysis and various characterization methods such as
SEM, TEM, XRD, BET, and Raman (see Figure below for an example). Effect of
various parameters, such as partial pressure of oxygen, ramp rate, flow rate,
is also investigated in the Temperature Programmed Oxidation (TPO) experiments.
Based on this comprehensive study ? carried out for the first time ? we will
present insights regarding how the soot morphology affects its oxidation
activity and the corresponding structure-activity correlations.


References:



[[1]] Schneider, C.G. and Hill, L.B., ?Diesel
and Health in America: The Lingering Threat", http://www.catf.us/resources/publications/files/Diesel_Health_in_America.pdf, 5
Feb. 2005.

[[2]] ?Diesel Fuel Explained, Use of Diesel?, http://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.cfm?page=diesel_use

[[4]] Bensaid, S., Caroca, C.J., Russo, N., and Fino,
D., ?Detailed investigation of non-catalytic DPF regeneration?, The Canadian
Journal of Chemical Engineering, 89(2), 401-407 (2011).

[[5]] Prasad, R. and Venkateswara
Rao B. ?A Review on Diesel Soot Emission, its Effect
and Control?, Bulletin of Chemical
Reaction Engineering and Catalysis, 5(2) 69-86 (2010).

[[6]] ?National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS)?, http://epa.gov/air/criteria.html, 8 Nov. 2011.

[[7]] ?Emissions Standards?, http://www.dieselnet.com/standards/eu/hd.php, 6 Feb. 2012.

[[8]] Yezerets, A.,
Currier, N.W., Kim, D.H., Eadler, H., Epling, W.S., and
Peden, C.H.F., ?Differential kinetic analysis of
diesel particulate matter (soot) oxidation by oxygen using a step?response
technique?, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 61(1-2), 120-129
(2005).

[[9]] Kalogirou, M.
and Samaras, Z., ?Soot oxidation kinetics from TG experiments?, Journal of
Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 99(3), 1005-1010 (2010).

See more of this Session: Fundamentals of Environmental Process and Reaction Engineering I

See more of this Group/Topical: Environmental Division

More Conference Links