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Enhanced Water-Gas Shift Reaction and In-situ Carbon Fixation in the Presence of a Mg(OH)2 Slurry in a High Pressure Aqueous System

Enhanced Water-Gas Shift Reaction and In-situ Carbon Fixation in the Presence of a Mg(OH)2 Slurry in a High Pressure Aqueous System

Authors: 
Park, A. H. A. - Presenter, Columbia University
Fricker, K. - Presenter, Columbia University

The integration of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies with energy conversion processes will increase the sustainability of using carboneous fuels. Combined CCS via carbon mineralization, where CO2 reacts to form solid, stable mineral carbonates represents an attractive solution that avoids the energy costs of sorbent regeneration and public and scientific inquiries surrounding the safety of long-term geological storage of CO2 in subsurface reservoirs. This study investigated the integration of slurry phase Mg(OH)2 carbonation with the water gas shift reaction (WGSR) at temperatures up to 215 °C with a 0.5 wt% platinum on alumina catalyst. The removal of CO2 by the carbonation reaction enhanced hydrogen yield of the WGSR as the equilibrium of the gas phase reaction was shifted towards products. Aqueous Mg(OH)2 carbonation has been shown to occur readily, and various metastable and stable magnesium carbonates are formed depending on the reaction conditions (primarily driven by temperature). This study revealed that the H2 yield was enhanced in the presence of Mg(OH)2 slurry, and more interestingly the unexpected conversion of CO to aqueous formate ion was observed, which did limit the overall production of H2. The presence of the basic aqueous phase within the reactor promoted a side reaction between CO and hydroxide ions. The formate can persist in solution or decompose to yield H2 depending on the solution conditions. The solid and liquid components of the reacting slurry were carefully analyzed for carbonate and formate in order to investigate the reaction mechanisms.