(743f) Greenhouse Gas Emissions Life Cycle Analysis of Carbon Capture and Storage for Industrial Sources in the Midwest-Northeast United States

Greenhouse gases generated for carbon dioxide point source facilities in the Midwest-Northeast region of the United States were evaluated to account for “cradle to grave” CO₂ equivalent emissions for carbon capture, compression, transport, and storage in relation to volumes of CO₂ stored underground. Seven scenarios were modeled: ethanol plant, natural gas power plant, direct air capture plant, hydrogen plant, petroleum refinery, cement plant, and fertilizer/ammonia plant. The analysis integrated specific factors for CO₂ sources in the region, including geologic storage setting, geographic location, CO₂ emission volumes, capture requirements, compression, CO₂ transport, and injection. A greenhouse gas life cycle analysis model was applied for CCUS operations that may contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. The model included general capture parameters with more detailed parameters for CO₂ compression, transport, and injection. The model did not account for combustion of fuel products or displaced electricity. Results of the greenhouse gas life cycle analysis provide insight into developing CCUS in the region in terms of net CO₂ storage versus the emissions related to facility operations. Emissions generated by CO₂ compression, transport, and injection may counter the carbon storage mass for smaller CO₂ sources, especially in areas where geologic CO₂ storage options are not readily accessible. Therefore, greenhouse gas emissions life cycle analysis is useful in ensuring maximum, net CO₂ storage for development of CCUS facilities in the Midwest-Northeast United States. The work was supported by the Midwest Regional Carbon Initiative (U.S. Department of Energy Award No.: DE-FE0031836).