Energy

So much research has been dedicated to understand the effects of various factors on enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocelluloses. It has been understood that removal of hemicelluloses is very important to improve lignocellulosic substrate digestibility. It has also been identified that improving enzyme...

Investigation on Electrode Reaction Mechanism for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery XIE Xiaofeng 1 , YANG Chun 1 , WANG Jinhai 1 , Shang Yuming 1 , WANG Shubo 1 , MAO Zongqiang 1 MATHUR V. K 2 1. Institute ofNuclear andNew EnergyTechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China 2.Department of...

Biofuels quality is related to the inherent of feedstock materials (RMs) and operating conditions used in their production. However to be used as fuel in engines biofuels must meet certain specifications regulated by ASTM or EN standards regardless of the manufacturing processes and / or the type...

One of the major challenges in the conversion of biomass pyrolysis to high value products and fuels is the poor stability of the oils. Biomass pyrolysis oils have shown increases in viscosity during storage at ambient conditions and when heated above ambient temperature. The poor stability of the...

Chemical hydride is one of the most potential hydrogen storage materials which can effectively increase hydrogen storage capacity. To meet the new goal of U.S. department of energy (DoE), 4.5wt% and 5.5 wt% of gravimetric hydrogen density capacity by 2010 and 2015, respectively, ammonia borane (AB...

Integrating carbon capture technology with large source carbon emitters is necessary in the very near future to mitigate the contribution of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions to climate change and global public welfare. However, the implementation of this technology with current separation approaches is...

Production of biodiesel by esterification or transesterification of long-chain fatty acids is a well known process, but the fuel product has characteristics making it not fully compatible with petroleum diesel engines. A better option is to convert fatty acid molecules to hydrocarbons by removing...

Ionic liquid is one kind of organic salts with negligible volatile pressure which might lead to promising substitute candidates for alkanolamines in separation of carbon dioxide. To satisfy this requirement effectively, task specific ionic liquids with alkaline groups, such as imidazolium cation...

Much of the process complexity and high capital costs associate with cellulosic ethanol (dilute acid hydrolysis as a pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of cellulose) results from side products such as furfural, acetate, and soluble lignin compounds that inhibit the biocatalysts. Inhibitor...

The development of new biomass sources for alternative fuels has become a subject of increasing importance as the nation strives to resolve the economic and strategic impacts of limited fossil fuel resources on our national security, environment, and global climate. Algae are among the most...