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Chem Economics: ACC Releases Portfolio of Specialty Chemicals Indexes

September
2012
Chem Economics
T. Kevin Swift
The American Chemistry Council (ACC) has launched a new set of indexes covering nearly 30 segments of the U.S. specialty chemicals market. (The first, which dealt with plastic additives, was discussed in the July issue, p. 13.) This is the first set...
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Ensuring Reliability and Optimum Performance in Antisurge Applications

Mar 21, 2010
Janine Keeley
There are several compressors within an ethylene plant, cracked gas and refrigeration compressors are the major ones. These compressors are high capital cost items. Performance and reliability of these units are especially important. The antisurge control system is designed to protect this asset. A...

Process Gas Compressor Fouling & Washing Mitigation

Mar 21, 2010
Sheri R. Snider
Part A: The ethylene industry has been affected by the economic downturn. Plants have operated at low rates and have fed lighter feeds when possible. In this paper, the impacts of feed rates and types on process gas compressor operation and monitoring are discussed. Part B: Ethylene plant...

Simulating a Typical Atmospheric Crude Distillation Unit Tutorial

Mar 21, 2010
David Myers
Atmospheric Crude Columns are one of the most important pieces of equipment in the petroleum refining industry. Typically located after the Desalter and the Crude Furnace, the Atmospheric Tower serves to distil the crude oil into several different cuts. These include naphtha, kerosene, light diesel...

Progression of GHG Emissions Benchmarking

Mar 21, 2010
Claire Cagnolatti
The efforts to measure, regulate, and control the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by the refining and petrochemicals industries have been in effect in varying degrees in several countries and regions around the world. Companies that operate such facilities in regions with pending or active...

KPI Controls for Major Refinery Units

Mar 21, 2010
Jeff Z. Yu
Advanced Process Control (APC) solutions are recognized as a process industry best practice and proven investment opportunity in many industries, including oil refining, petrochemicals, chemicals, plastics, polymers, air separation, pulp and paper, solids and drying, building products, life...

New Technology Enhances Model Predictive Control

Mar 21, 2010
Charles Cutler
The standard way of testing a process causes the configuration and tuning of the PID control system for the process to be embedded in the model developed for the Model Predictive Controller (MPC). New technology has become available that can be used to interchange the independent variables with the...

Cracked Gas Compressor / Turbine

Mar 21, 2010
Ed Oberthier, Krishna Merchant
The cracked gas compressor (CGC) is still the most critical unit in the entire ethylene production facility. Its energy demand and potential plant run length, linked to its volumetric flow, molecular weight, pressure ratio and associated contaminant removal, is a major design element within the...

Carbon Capture and Storage - Can CCS Be a Viable Business?

Mar 21, 2010
Ray Hattenbach
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been characterized as the technology that can jump start mitigation of greenhouse gases until new, less carbon intensive technology can be implemented to provide electrical power, transportation fuels and energy our society needs to stay competitive in the world...

Nonlinear Model Order Reduction Using Block Structured Models for Large Processes

Mar 21, 2010
Omar Naeem
Please note: sound does not begin until approximately 30 seconds into the presentation. Typically mathematical models of physical and chemical processes are large and complex because of complications and nonlinearities of physical processes. The importance of mathematical models is evident for...

Impact of Carbon Cap and Trade on Refinery Conservation Economics

Mar 21, 2010
Stan Polcar
A program directed at the reduction of green house gas (GHG) emissions has been the object of increased focus in US public policy. This is evident by the House of Representatives passing The American Energy and Security Act (H.R. 2454) in June 2009 and the EPA actively pursuing ways in which the...

Magnetic Bearings in Turboexpander Applications

Mar 21, 2010
Tim Ryan
Magnetic bearings in turboexpander have become the standard for the installation in gas processing and ethylene plants; there are areas of the design that are challenging to the designer for each application. This paper begins with a review of magnetic bearings, the components and how they operate...

CFD Simulation of Diesel Hydrotreaters Under Periodic Operation Mode

Mar 21, 2010
Middle distillate hydrotreating is the most important refining process for the production of ultra-low-sulfur diesel, in which sulfur content is required to be less than 15 wppm. Hydrotreating is usually conducted in trickle bed hydrotreaters under steady-state operation with constant gas and...

Elements of Two-Stage Unicracking for Maximum Distillate Production

Mar 21, 2010
Diesel fuel is projected to be one of the strongest market growth transportation fuels over the next ten years. Availability of more heavy and sour crudes, utilization of refinery configurations for maximum distillate production and more stringent diesel fuel specifications are techno-economic...

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