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Petrochemicals

Simulating a Typical Atmospheric Crude Distillation Unit Tutorial

Mar 21, 2010
David Myers
Atmospheric Crude Columns are one of the most important pieces of equipment in the petroleum refining industry. Typically located after the Desalter and the Crude Furnace, the Atmospheric Tower serves to distil the crude oil into several different cuts. These include naphtha, kerosene, light diesel...

Progression of GHG Emissions Benchmarking

Mar 21, 2010
Claire Cagnolatti
The efforts to measure, regulate, and control the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by the refining and petrochemicals industries have been in effect in varying degrees in several countries and regions around the world. Companies that operate such facilities in regions with pending or active...

CO2 Footprinting in the Chemical Industry

Mar 21, 2010
Russell Heinen
This paper provides a brief global perspective to the GHG issue as it impacts the petrochemical industry and then focuses on the factors of developing carbon footprints for processes and products in the chemical industry. Using results from our recent studies we illustrate the complexities of...

CFD Simulation of Diesel Hydrotreaters Under Periodic Operation Mode

Mar 21, 2010
Middle distillate hydrotreating is the most important refining process for the production of ultra-low-sulfur diesel, in which sulfur content is required to be less than 15 wppm. Hydrotreating is usually conducted in trickle bed hydrotreaters under steady-state operation with constant gas and...

KPI Controls for Major Refinery Units

Mar 21, 2010
Jeff Z. Yu
Advanced Process Control (APC) solutions are recognized as a process industry best practice and proven investment opportunity in many industries, including oil refining, petrochemicals, chemicals, plastics, polymers, air separation, pulp and paper, solids and drying, building products, life...

New Technology Enhances Model Predictive Control

Mar 21, 2010
Charles Cutler
The standard way of testing a process causes the configuration and tuning of the PID control system for the process to be embedded in the model developed for the Model Predictive Controller (MPC). New technology has become available that can be used to interchange the independent variables with the...

Cracked Gas Compressor / Turbine

Mar 21, 2010
Ed Oberthier, Krishna Merchant
The cracked gas compressor (CGC) is still the most critical unit in the entire ethylene production facility. Its energy demand and potential plant run length, linked to its volumetric flow, molecular weight, pressure ratio and associated contaminant removal, is a major design element within the...

Turbomachinery for Mega-Ethylene Plants

Mar 21, 2010
Diane E Scheponik, Donald H. Mansfield
Ethylene producers continue to search for ways to improve capital expenditure versus payback ratio and to reduce installation and maintenance costs by benefitting from economies of scale. As ethylene plant outputs increase beyond the 1 million ton per year size, turbomachinery manufacturers must...

Carbon Capture and Storage - Can CCS Be a Viable Business?

Mar 21, 2010
Ray Hattenbach
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been characterized as the technology that can jump start mitigation of greenhouse gases until new, less carbon intensive technology can be implemented to provide electrical power, transportation fuels and energy our society needs to stay competitive in the world...

Impact of Carbon Cap and Trade on Refinery Conservation Economics

Mar 21, 2010
Stan Polcar
A program directed at the reduction of green house gas (GHG) emissions has been the object of increased focus in US public policy. This is evident by the House of Representatives passing The American Energy and Security Act (H.R. 2454) in June 2009 and the EPA actively pursuing ways in which the...

Effective Diffusivity Measurement in Coke-Deactivated Hydrotreating Catalyst

Mar 21, 2010
Roberto E. Galiasso Tailleur
The effective diffusivity of two fresh and two spent catalysts, previously deactivated for 18 months in a commercial unit, were determined. The effective diffusivities were measured using a shallow-bed reactor already developed for this purpose. Nitrogen, isopentane and isooctane effective...

Maintaining MPC Benefits for Years: No Myth

Mar 21, 2010
MPC software companies and their customers can sustain and increase the benefits from MPC solutions by forming effective maintenance strategies. This can mean maintaining MPC models current and migrating applications with evolving techniques. This paper will show how a well-formed maintenance...

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