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Petrochemicals

Principal Components Analysis for Early Events Detection in Process Operations

Mar 22, 2010
Principal Components Analysis (PCA) is a statistical technique that aims at reducing the problem dimensionality by progressively eliminating redundancy in data. The method has found extensive use in exploratory data analysis as it aids visualization of complex data. Interestingly, the method is...

Deployment of ZeaChem's Sustainable Biorefinery

Mar 22, 2010
Tim Eggeman
Increased emphasis is being placed on renewable, sustainable, domestic forms of energy, including transportation fuels, at national, state and local levels. Successful deployment of alternative solutions to petroleum-based liquid fuels for the transportation industry is dependent upon technical,...

Reliable Retention of Molecular Sieve Beds

Mar 22, 2010
Robert Norell
Reliable operation of an Olefin gas/liquid dehydrator requires careful attention to the integrity of the grid supporting the molecular sieve. Problems with retention of the sieve can stem from many points in the design, fabrication, and installation process for these assemblies. Two case studies...

Unusual Corrosion Failures of Transfer Line Exchangers

Mar 22, 2010
Pinakin Mistry
This paper describes two case histories of corrosion failures. The first case history describes metal dusting of the tubes and tubesheet from the process side in the horizontal TLE. The tubesheet of TLE was overlayed with Alloy 625 to prevent erosion. Deposition on the waterside allowed higher than...

Bio-Refinery for the Production of Ethylene Derivatives

Mar 22, 2010
Michael Bruscino
Downstream products of petroleum have been the main source for feedstocks for most of the petrochemicals produced over the last 90 years. However, due to the rising price of crude oil and concerns about the environment, there has been a renewed interest in alternative feedstocks, and in particular...

Holistic Approach to the Revamping and De-Bottlenecking of Pre-Heat Trains

Mar 22, 2010
Graham T. Polley
The energy efficiency and throughput of pre-heat trains can be improved by using process integration and through fouling mitigation. In this paper we show how the approaches can be combined in a systematic way. If fouling behaviour is ignored the use of process integration can lead to revamps in...

An Operator Training Simulator (OTS) for a SUPERFLEX(TM) Unit

Mar 22, 2010
Ravi Guddeti
An Operator Training Simulator (OTS) of a new SUPERFLEXTM unit has been designed and built to provide highly realistic process and operations training to operators of a first of a kind petrochemicals plant. The OTS, which was delivered to Sasol in 2005, and otherwise called the Sasol Superflex OTS...

Advances in Renewable Jet Technology

Mar 22, 2010
Use of aviation fuel currently corresponds to 2-3% of the total fossil fuels used worldwide, or 13% of fossil fuel used in transportation fuel. Aviation fuel use is the second biggest sector after road transportation, which consumes 80 percent. Further, the aviation industry is expecting to grow at...

Revamp Fired Heater to Maximize Thermal Efficiency

Mar 22, 2010
Ashutosh Garg
Fired heaters are in the refining and petroleum industry. In the current scenario, it is important to maximize fired heater efficiency to the maximum achievable. Revamping is a cost effective way to maximize fired heater efficiency: FIS has carried out several heater revamp projects in the past 5...

Cracked Gas Dryer Tutorial (Part 1)

Mar 22, 2010
Bruno De Jonckheere
This tutorial will begin with a brief introduction to molecular sieves followed by a description of the process, covering overall operation of the charge gas dryer including adsorption and regeneration steps. Key design considerations will be discussed along with optimization and troubleshooting...

Dual Function Valves for Ethylene Transfer Line Applications

Mar 22, 2010
Ken Phillips
Economic forces continue to push the capacity of new grassroots crackers higher, and the capacity of cracking furnaces rises ever higher because of economies of scale. The trends in transfer line valve design have necessarily followed this same scale-up path, which has resulted in valves of...

Overcoming Logistical Challenges with Collaborative Technologies

Mar 22, 2010
Curt Hertler
All refiners—and manufacturers in general—face daunting logistical challenges including supply chain, changing product specifications, carbon legislation, and regulatory compliance. In addition, the industry faces knowledge management issues due to the reality of an aging work force. Information...

New Type of Cracking Furnace Radiant Coil Design

Mar 22, 2010
Johan P. van Der Eijk
This paper presents the economical benefits for a new radiant coil design which improves the performance of the thermal cracking furnace. The main drivers for this design are: increase of selectivity, capacity, run length, radiant coil lifetime or a combination of these. Cracking furnaces are the...

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