Nanomaterials

Placement of Catalyst in Electrospun Silica Nanofibers for the Alkaline Hydrolysis of Biomass

Nov 11, 2010

Nathaniel S. Hansen

The use of electrospinning to generate one dimensional materials has garnered significant interest lately due to its inexpensive nature and the diversity of materials fabricated. Recently one dimensional materials have also been investigated to support catalytic nanoparticles to prevent aggregation...

Nano Copper Oxide: From Flame Spray Pyrolysis to Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation

Nov 11, 2010

Chia-Jung Cheng

A systematic experimental study of the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and nanoporous films is presented. Powders were made by flame spray pyrolysis method with end applications in the photoeclectrochemical production of hydrogen. Inhibited particle growth was observed for prticles made...

Photoelectrochemical Properties of Birnessite-Type MnO2 Thin Films for Solar Water Splitting

Nov 11, 2010

Thomas F. Jaramillo

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting to produce clean hydrogen fuel is an attractive method for harvesting intermittent solar energy and storing it in the form of chemical bonds. A key photoelectrode material requirement is visible light absorption to maximize the number of photogenerated...

PVA-Calcium Oxide Composite Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

Nov 10, 2010

Norfamila Che Mat

The large scale utilization of Nafion® in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell( DMFC) is still constrained by high methanol permeability and high temperature dehydration. The methanol crossover in DMFC can be minimized by using pervaporation membrane such as Poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) due to higher water...

Stability and ORR Activity of Nitrogen Functionalized Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Supports

Nov 10, 2010

Sujan Shrestha

The most popular catalyst for low temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is platinum (Pt) nanoparticles supported on carbon [1]. One of the major issues concerning Pt nanoparticles is the very slow kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) which limits overall performance of...

Zeolite – Protic Ionic Liquid Composites: Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Ion Conduction Properties

Nov 10, 2010

Vladimiros Nikolakis

Fuel Cells (FCs) have been recognized as one important device for efficient transformation of chemical energy to electricity. Among the different FC types those of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes (PEMs) have received significant attention. In such FCs, a membrane that ideally enables only proton...

A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of Hydrated Sulfonated Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) for Application to Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Nov 10, 2010

Seung Soon Jang

S-PEEK has been known as one of the promising candidates for fuel cell application since it has high thermo-oxidative stability and extraordinary mechanical properties as well as high cost effectiveness. However, the nanoscale structure and transport properties for S-PEEK have not been thoroughly...

Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 and TiO2-xCxNy Thin Films From Polymer Assisted Deposition

Nov 9, 2010

Stacy Baber

Since the 1972 discovery of Fujishima and Honda detecting the occurrence of water splitting on TiO2 electrodes, titanium dioxide's use as a photocatalyst has provoked a broad range of research studies and applications. Applications like air and water-purifying, deodorizing, anti-bacterial use and...

Oriented Single-Crystalline Rutile TiO2 Nanorods On Transparent Conducting Substrates for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Nov 9, 2010

Bin Liu

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) made from oriented, one-dimensional (1D) semiconductor nanostructures such as nanorods, nanowires, and nanotubes are receiving wide attention because direct connection of the point of photogeneration with the collection electrode using such 1D structures may...

Performance Enhancement of Hybrid Solar Cells through Chemical Vapor Annealing

Nov 9, 2010

Yue Wu

Semiconductor nanostructure-based solar cells, such as dye-sensitized solar cells, all-inorganic nanostructure solar cells, and hybrid inorganic nanostructure-conductive polymer composite solar cells, are promising candidates for future-generation photovoltaic devices due to their advantages in low...

Hot Electron Transfer From Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Nov 9, 2010

William A. Tisdale

Sub-Picosecond Dynamics of Free Electrons in TiO2 Nanotubes

Nov 9, 2010

Christiaan Richter

The sub-picosecond mobility and lifetime of free electrons injected into TiO2 nanotubes were probed with sub-picosecond temporal resolution using time resolved terahertz spectroscopy (TRTS). The photoconductivity spectra of the nanotubes revealed the free electrons to be very mobile, however most...

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) and CuIn(SeS)2 (CISS) Nanocrystals and Their Use as Printable Photovoltaic Media and Medical Imaging Contrast Agents

Nov 9, 2010

Dariya K. Reid

We have developed the colloidal synthesis of I-III-VI2 semiconductor nanocrystals of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) and CuIn(SeS)2 (CISS). These nanocrystals can be spray-deposited into photovoltaic devices (PVs) with power conversion efficiencies of up to 3% without the use of high temperature annealing...

Exploiting Equilibrium Properties for Assembly of Core/Shell-Like Compound Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Nov 9, 2010

Sumeet C. Pandey

Typical synthesis of core/shell nanostructures involves a rigorous two-step protocol. It is common to synthesize the semiconducting core first, followed by the overgrowth of a thin shell of a different band-gap material. The few attempted single-step and one-pot synthesis approaches have been...

Solution-Grown CuInSe2 Nanowires for Low-Cost Photovoltaics

Nov 9, 2010

Chet Steinhagen

A semiconductor media that could be printed under ambient conditions by a roll-to-roll process on plastic substrates to fabricate photovoltaic devices (PVs) would greatly reduce the cost of solar cell manufacturing. One approach is to create “paints” or “inks” of nanocrystals that can be deposited...

Using Supercritical Fluids for CdS and CdTeS Nanoparticle Decorated TiO2 Nanostructures

Nov 9, 2010

Paul A. Charpentier

Abstract: TiO2 nanowires were sensitized with CdS and CdTeS quantum dots which were grown using an in situ colloidal method using both conventional organic solvents and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). No pretreatment of the TiO2 nanowires was required prior to nanoparticle generation. The...

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