Regulations

The federal safety standards for LNG facilities under 49 CFR Part 193 approves the use of specific dispersion models for performing vapor-gas dispersion exclusion zones. In addition, provisions allow for the use of alternative models if approved by PHMSA. In 2010, PHMSA, in consultation with FERC,...

In order to comply with regulation requirements, a refinery needs to perform major revamps to produce different grades of Diesel, namely ULSD, Off-road Grade and Regular Diesel. The existing tankage allocation needs to be changed to accommodate the hydrotreater feed components and the new products...

Deepwater Regulations in the Gulf of Mexico The Deepwater Horizon incident (DWH) of April 2010 led to many changes in deepwater operations in the Gulf of Mexico. Not the least of those changes were to do with regulations. In the three months following DWH two important changes to the regulatory...

The safety community, bolstered by the PSM regulations, has emphasized the importance of proper management of change to ensure safe, reliable and economic operation of chemical plants and refineries. Yet, at many sites, the MOC process is often harshly criticized as being "too inefficient", "too...

As this abstract is written, there will be flare system emission testing in a controlled environment underway that will likely pave the way for new VOC control measures on all flare systems in the US. The TCEQ (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) sponsored testing held in Q4 2010, will...

The US EPA is obligated to develop national emission standards for hazardous air pollutant (NESHAP) for industrial boilers and process heaters. These standards are to be based on the maximum achievable control technology (MACT). EPA promulgated the original industrial Boiler and Process Heater MACT...

We are designing, constructing and characterizing novel synthetic gene regulators. These regulators range from individual inducible fusion protein and promoter pairs to complex nonlinear regulatory networks. All of the regulators are designed to be compatible in E. coli and to control gene...

The regulations for sulfur reduction in marine fuels are impacting the whole spectrum beginning from the production of the fuel in the refineries to the end use in Marine diesel engines. To start with, from 1/1/2010, the European Union regulations call for use of fuel with a maximum of 0.1% sulfur...

Furnace revamps provide opportunities to enhance new technologies, add feedstock flexibility, increase production capacity, improve efficiency and meet more stringent environmental regulations. With the current economic situation and anticipated environmental requirements, construction of...

Refineries have been installing low NOx equipment on their fired heaters in response to tighter environmental regulation. Low NOx burners minimize air ingress in locations other than directly at the burner, and internally recirculate flue gas in the heater firebox. They operate on much narrower...