Bioenergy

One of the barriers to wider use of many kinds of biomass is the fact that they generate refractory tars and oils when gasified. These compounds cause difficulty when they are passed to downstream components in the system by causing plugging and drop in performance. The compounds can be condensed...

Algae are simple autotrophic organisms that produce complex organic compounds from simple inorganic molecules such as carbon dioxide using energy from light or inorganic chemical reactions. These complex organics include a substantial amount of triacylglycerol which can be readily converted into...

Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acid esters which can be produced from vegetable oils or animal fats with methanol. Recently, many researchers focus on using waste or unrefined oils as feedstock to decrease the production cost of biodiesel. A two-step method was reported, which firstly esterified...

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that has the potential to lower vehicle sulfur emissions when used directly or in a blended form, and can be synthesized from fat and oil sources. These sources include refined vegetable oil, crude vegetable oil, waste oil, and animal fat. The two main reaction routes...

With the advancement of cellulosic ethanol technologies in recent years, more emphasis is being placed on the production of a sustainable supply of biomass for commercial scale facilities. These facilities will require significant supplies of biomass that will, in the southeast, come from private...

Currently, the complexity and scale dependency of land-use decisions and their impacts are not understood, defined, or described with adequate clarity to enable policy makers to develop strategies to ensure a sustainable bioenergy future with acceptable environmental and socioeconomic consequences...

To enzymatically convert biomass to biorefinery feedstock, biofuels, or hydrogen an environmentally friendly solvent or process is needed to disrupt the microstructure of lignocellulosics. In multi-stage processes, solvents are being used as pretreatments by dissolving cellulose and precipitation...

Oil prices go up and they come down and our ability to forecast them with any real confidence has not been particularly good. A year ago when oil prices were at record highs and global economies were booming, the case for biofuels seemed clear. The path forward is cloudier today. Are we facing a...

Liquid Transportation Fuels from Coal and Biomass Technological Status, Costs, and Environmental Impacts Abstract The U.S. transportation sector consumes about 14 million barrels of oil per day, 9 million of which are used in light-duty vehicles. Total U.S. oil consumption is 20 million barrels per...

Papers are on topics related sustatinable supply of a wide variety of biomass feedstocks to meet the needs of evolving liquid fuel demand (transportation and heating) and alternative enrgy sources. Please Note : Biomass Thermal Conversion -- Spring Meeting 2009 includes the following recorded...