Bioenergy

A Novel SHF Process for Conversion of AFEX-CS to Ethanol Featuring High Ethanol Productivity, Enzyme Recycling, and Yeast Cells Reuse

Oct 17, 2011

Venkatesh Balan

There are two major problems in current cellulosic ethanol production process: low ethanol productivity and high enzyme loading. Based on the current Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) process, it takes at least 96h to perform enzymatic hydrolysis to convert AFEX-CS to fermentable sugars at...

A Novel Method to Harvest Microalgae Via Fungal Pelletization

Oct 17, 2011

Jianguo Zhang

Microalgae harvest contributes a large portion of cost for microalgae-to-biofuels production. Most current harvest technologies including chemical and mechanical methods are only economically feasible for production of high-value products due to the costs. In this work, we are describing a new...

Milking Lipids From Green Alga: Feasibility of Using Biocompatible Solvents to Extract Lipids From Living Cells

Oct 17, 2011

Ryan Coiner

A key hurdle in realizing commercial-scale production of biodiesel from cultured algae is efficient harvesting/dewatering of algal cells. In order to produce a gallon of biodiesel from algae, thousands of gallons of water must be processed, even when algal biomass is grown in relatively...

Pyrolysis Vs. Gasification: Effect of Oxygen In Reaction Atmosphere On Biochar Properties

Oct 17, 2011

Catherine E. Brewer

Since biochar properties can vary widely depending on feedstock and processing conditions, making meaningful comparisons between biochar produced by different processes (pyrolysis, gasification, kiln carbonization) and at different locations can be difficult. Biochar characterization methods can...

Technoeconomic Analysis of Biomass Gasification System Utilizing Geothermal Energy for Processing

Oct 17, 2011

Song-Charng Kong

The use of biomass as a source of energy has been studied extensively inrecent years, and special attention has been paid to biomass gasification. In this study, ASPEN Plus is used to conduct technoeconomic analysis of a large biomass gasification system. A biorefinery scenario consisting of 2,000...

The Influence of Nickel Phosphide On the Fractional Catalytic Pyrolysis of Hybrid Poplar Wood

Oct 17, 2011

Foster Agblevor

The pyrolytic conversion of biomass to into liquid fuels has the potential to become drop-in transportation fuels if some of its negative attributes such as high total acid number (TAN), high viscosity, and poor storage stability are overcome. We investigated nickel phosphide supported on fluid...

Pretreatment of Loblolly Pine for Fast Pyrolysis Via Torrefaction

Oct 17, 2011

Jiajia Meng

Topical 6: Lignocelluosics: Biorefineries and Sustainable Energy T6007 Thermalchemical Conversion I AIChE 2011, October 16~21, 2011 Minneapolis, MN Pretreatment of Loblolly Pine for Fast Pyrolysis via Torrefaction Jiajia Meng, David Tilotta, and Sunkyu Park* Department of Forest Biomaterials, North...

Wood Pellets Self-Heating During Storage

Oct 17, 2011

Wendi Guo

Accidental fires in wood pellets silos happen frequently in the last five years. Experiments were carried out in this work at temperature range of 100 o C to 200 o C to study wood pellets chemical oxidation process. A self-heating model was developed to simulate the self-heating process using the...

Separate Processing of Hemicellulose and Cellulose to Optimize Ethanol Production From Corn Stover

Oct 17, 2011

Alexandre Chapeaux

Separate processing of hemicellulose and cellulose to optimize ethanol production from corn stover Alexandre Chapeaux, Nancy Dowe, Daniel J. Schell Using a series of thermochemical (pretreatment) and biochemical steps, lignocellulosic biomass is converted to sugars that subsequently can be made...

Coupled Optimization and Simulation for Multi-Biomass Source-to-Biorefinery Supply Chain Modeling and Analysis

Oct 17, 2011

William Faulkner

As cost associated with fossil fuels rise due to various environmental, social, and economic factors, it has become prudent to examine the possibility of exploiting alternative sources of raw materials for the production of energy and chemicals. Biomass, of various forms, has been proposed as an...

Reforming of Residual Tars and Oils From Biomass Gasification

Oct 16, 2011

Lyman Frost

One of the barriers to wider use of many kinds of biomass is the fact that they generate refractory tars and oils when gasified. These compounds cause difficulty when they are passed to downstream components in the system by causing plugging and drop in performance. The compounds can be condensed...

Effect of AFEX Pretreatment Degradation Products On Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Microbial Fermentation by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae 424A(LNH-ST)

Oct 16, 2011

Venkatesh Balan

Several degradation products are formed or released during AFEX pretreatment process, which can be divided into five groups: 1) carbohydrates, 2) aliphatic acids, 3) nitrogenous compounds, 4) furans, 5) aromatic compounds. Some of these degradation products are expected to be inhibitory to...

Low Temperature Gasification of Impregnated Biomass Feedstock

Oct 16, 2011

Foster Agblevor

Hybrid poplar biomass feedstocks were impregnated with catalysts and gasified at three different temperatures in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The impregnated biomass were gasified in a nitrogen atmosphere at 400 o C, 600 o C, and 800 o C. The gas yield increased with increasing temperature as...

Rules of Thumb for Reactor Design and Process Conditions for Thermochemical Treatment of Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) Treated Wood Waste

Oct 16, 2011

Lieve M. Helsen

Lab-scale pyrolysis experiments have been performed to gain insight in the mechanisms influencing the metal behavior during carbonization of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) treated wood chips. To this end a fixed bed low temperature pyrolysis reactor and a thermogravimetric (TG) analyser have been...

Rule of Thumb for Reactor Design and Process Conditions for Supercritical Water Gasification of Wet Biomass

Oct 16, 2011

Yukihiko Matsumura

The Rule of thumb for reactor design and process conditions for supercritical water gasification of wet biomass is introduced. The important aspects includes heat transfer and heating rate, reaction rate, plugging, gas composition, inorganic element behavior, and heat of reaction. The know-hows...

Mechanistic Modeling of Fast Pyrolysis of Cellulose to Predict Bio-Oil Composition

Oct 16, 2011

Vinu Ravikrishnan

Fast pyrolysis, a potential strategy for the production of transportation fuels from biomass, involves a complex network of competing reactions, which result in the formation of bio-oil, non-condensable gaseous species, and solid char. Bio-oil is a mixture of anhydro sugars, furan derivatives, and...

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