Bioenergy

Realizing the Potential of Advanced Biofuels

Oct 18, 2011

Thomas Foust

Advanced biofuels or drop-in fuels is the terminology used to refer to hydrocarbon fuels that are direct replacements or supplements for existing gasoline, diesel and jet fuels currently refined from conventional petroleum feedstocks. Drop-in fuels from biomass will need to meet all of the refinery...

Study of Culture Strategies of Microalgae In a Continuous Photobioreactor System for Biofuel Production

Oct 18, 2011

Haiying Tang

The development of new biomass sources for alternative fuels has become a subject of increasing importance as the nation strives to resolve the economic and strategic impacts of limited fossil fuel resources on our national security, environment, and global climate. Algae are among the most...

Co-Utilization of Methane In Steam-Biomass Gasification Using Concentrated Solar Energy

Oct 18, 2011

Aaron W. Palumbo

Presented is a novel gasification application where biomass is steam-gasified and natural gas is steam-reformed simultaneously in a solar reactor. Solar-driven gasification is a proven technology, and can augment the biofuel industry as a domestic fuel source. Gasification performed in an...

Improving Corn Stover Reactivity In Low Severity Pretreatment Through Deacetylation and Disc-Refining

Oct 18, 2011

Xiaowen Chen

The current “state-of-art” dilute acid pretreatment to produce bio-ethanol from corn stover requires severe conditions to overcome biomass recalcitrance, which, in turn, offers 70~80% xylose monomer yield and 5~7% furfural yield. However, high acid loadings and high reaction temperatures harm the...

Biological Conversion of Algefiber® (Seaweed Sludge) to Carboxylic Acids for Chemical Upgrading to Higher Alcohols Liquid Biofuel

Oct 18, 2011

Sampath A. Karunarathne

Concern about biofuel production from renewable resources has increased globally. Among different approaches to produce biofuels, the MixAlco ™ process is an innovative technology operating on the carboxylate platform, which converts any biodegradable material into mixed alcohol fuels through...

Conversion of Cellobiose Into Glucose At near-Neutral pH Using a Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst

Oct 18, 2011

Po-Wen Chung

Strong acids under severe reaction conditions are known to rapidly hydrolyze cellulose with moderate selectivity towards glucose; however, enzymes in nature convert saccharides into glucose at higher selectivity using mild conditions dictated by carboxylate acids/carboxylate bases at the active...

Poly(oxymethylene) Dimethyl Ethers As Components of Tailored Diesel Fuel - Properties, Synthesis and Purification Concepts

Oct 18, 2011

Jakob Burger

Poly(oxymethylene) Dimethyl Ethers as components of tailored diesel fuel - properties, synthesis and purification concepts Jakob Burger 1* , Markus Siegert 2 , Eckhard Ströfer 2 , Michael Nilles 2 , Hans Hasse 1 1 Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany; 2...

The Role of Oxygen In the Stability of Biomass Pyrolysis Oils

Oct 18, 2011

Foster Agblevor

One of the major challenges in the conversion of biomass pyrolysis to high value products and fuels is the poor stability of the oils. Biomass pyrolysis oils have shown increases in viscosity during storage at ambient conditions and when heated above ambient temperature. The poor stability of the...

The Influence of Nickel Phosphide On the Fractional Catalytic Pyrolysis of Hybrid Poplar Wood

Oct 17, 2011

Foster Agblevor

The pyrolytic conversion of biomass to into liquid fuels has the potential to become drop-in transportation fuels if some of its negative attributes such as high total acid number (TAN), high viscosity, and poor storage stability are overcome. We investigated nickel phosphide supported on fluid...

Wood Pellets Self-Heating During Storage

Oct 17, 2011

Wendi Guo

Accidental fires in wood pellets silos happen frequently in the last five years. Experiments were carried out in this work at temperature range of 100 o C to 200 o C to study wood pellets chemical oxidation process. A self-heating model was developed to simulate the self-heating process using the...

A Novel SHF Process for Conversion of AFEX-CS to Ethanol Featuring High Ethanol Productivity, Enzyme Recycling, and Yeast Cells Reuse

Oct 17, 2011

Venkatesh Balan

There are two major problems in current cellulosic ethanol production process: low ethanol productivity and high enzyme loading. Based on the current Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) process, it takes at least 96h to perform enzymatic hydrolysis to convert AFEX-CS to fermentable sugars at...

Effects of Mixing Quality On the Kinetics of Biomass Liquefaction

Oct 17, 2011

David M. Lavenson

Abstract: Biochemical conversion is a promising route to produce fuels and chemicals from cellulosic biomass. A key step in the process is biomass liquefaction, where enzymes are used to break down pretreated cellulosic particles. During this process, drastic changes in the mechanical properties of...

Coupled Optimization and Simulation for Multi-Biomass Source-to-Biorefinery Supply Chain Modeling and Analysis

Oct 17, 2011

William Faulkner

As cost associated with fossil fuels rise due to various environmental, social, and economic factors, it has become prudent to examine the possibility of exploiting alternative sources of raw materials for the production of energy and chemicals. Biomass, of various forms, has been proposed as an...

Kinetics Study of Furfural Production From Cellulosic Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Taiying Zhang

Furfural is an important chemical and also a building block for production of drop-in hydrocarbon fuels and can be produced from cellulosic biomass such as woody crops and bagasse by hydrolysis and dehydration with mineral acids. However, furfural yields employing current technologies are limited...

Biojet Production From Hydrocracking of Vegetable Oil

Oct 17, 2011

Huali Wang

The development of fuels from alternative and renewable sources to replace commercial petroleum products has been a subject of increasing research in recent years. At present, there are few economically feasible processes to produce jet fuel from plant oils and animal fats, especially with non-...

Direct Coupled Catalytic Upgrading of Multi-Stage Pyrolysis Bio-Oil Vapors

Oct 17, 2011

Shaolong Wan

A two-stage pyrolysis was conducted in this work. The purpose of the multiple stages is to provide a segregated product evolution in which the vapor products maybe be more selectively treated by catalysts to improve product quality and catalyst stability in comparison to one step pyrolysis in which...

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