Bioenergy

Coke formation appears as a reason for catalyst deactivation and results in undesirable product selectivity in biomass pyrolysis. However, there is no effective way to separate coke and char in the majority of current approaches, which prevents studying coke formation and therefore the real reason...

In the future, it is anticipated that multi-product biorefineries will be used to convert lignocellulosic biomass to fuels and chemicals, in which, it may be possible to use membrane-based separations to recover fuels and various products and to improve energy efficiency. To biochemically convert...

Advanced biofuels or drop-in fuels is the terminology used to refer to hydrocarbon fuels that are direct replacements or supplements for existing gasoline, diesel and jet fuels currently refined from conventional petroleum feedstocks. Drop-in fuels from biomass will need to meet all of the refinery...

Some processes aimed to biofuels production, use lignocellulosic wastes as feedstocks for fermentative conversion. If this is the case, pretreatment is required to make these resources fully digestible. Among a wide range of pretreatment options, this study focuses and compares oxidative-alkaline...

Sub- and Supercritical Water Based Processes for Conversion of Algae Biomass to Fuels and Green Chemicals – A Review Philip A. Marrone and Bryan V. Yeh Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) 60 Wells Ave, Suite 103 Newton, MA 02459 In recent years, there has been increasing...

Over one fifth of calories consumed by humanity are from rice. Consequently, vast quantities of rice hulls are disposed of as waste, since the hull constitutes 20% of rice mass. Standard practice for disposal of rice hulls is burning, generating pollution and CO 2 , or thrown away in vast...

Feedstock Mixture Effects on Sugar Monomer Recovery Following Dilute Acid Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Michael Brodeur-Campbell 1 , Jordan Klinger 1 , and David Shonnard 1,2 [1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University [2] Director Sustainable Futures Institute...

Pyrolysis is the thermal conversion of carbonaceous materials in the absence of molecular oxygen to liquids, solids and gases. In the most general sense, pyrolysis can occur in an inert or reducing atmosphere or within a solvent (including water); it can occur at atmospheric or elevated pressure;...

Mineral acids have been used effectively for the pretreatment of cellulosic biomass to improve sugar recovery and promote its conversion to ethanol; however, substantial capital investment is required to enable separation of the acid, and corrosion-resistant materials are necessary. Disposal and...

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a routine method in the analysis of degradation products in the prehydrolysate or the hydrolysis liquor of lignocellulosic biomass. Cation exchange column chromatography with a metal counter ion has been used for the quantitative analysis of...