Bioenergy

Realizing the Potential of Advanced Biofuels

Oct 18, 2011

Thomas Foust

Advanced biofuels or drop-in fuels is the terminology used to refer to hydrocarbon fuels that are direct replacements or supplements for existing gasoline, diesel and jet fuels currently refined from conventional petroleum feedstocks. Drop-in fuels from biomass will need to meet all of the refinery...

Acetic Acid Removal From the Hydrolysate Using Reactive Extraction In a Membrane Extractor/Reactor

Oct 18, 2011

Rahul Patil

Production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass requires pretreatment of the biomass to hydrolyze hemicellulose, separate lignin and reduce cellulose crystallinity. During the pretreatment by dilute acid hydrolysis, several grams of acetic acid per liter of hydrolysate is generated. Acetic...

Comparison of Chemical and Biological Delignification of Cardboard

Oct 18, 2011

Estefania Isaza

Some processes aimed to biofuels production, use lignocellulosic wastes as feedstocks for fermentative conversion. If this is the case, pretreatment is required to make these resources fully digestible. Among a wide range of pretreatment options, this study focuses and compares oxidative-alkaline...

Biological Conversion of Algefiber® (Seaweed Sludge) to Carboxylic Acids for Chemical Upgrading to Higher Alcohols Liquid Biofuel

Oct 18, 2011

Sampath A. Karunarathne

Concern about biofuel production from renewable resources has increased globally. Among different approaches to produce biofuels, the MixAlco ™ process is an innovative technology operating on the carboxylate platform, which converts any biodegradable material into mixed alcohol fuels through...

Sub- and Supercritical Water Based Processes for Conversion of Algae Biomass to Fuels and Green Chemicals – A Review

Oct 18, 2011

Philip A. Marrone

Sub- and Supercritical Water Based Processes for Conversion of Algae Biomass to Fuels and Green Chemicals – A Review Philip A. Marrone and Bryan V. Yeh Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) 60 Wells Ave, Suite 103 Newton, MA 02459 In recent years, there has been increasing...

Cellulose Extraction From Rice Hulls Using Ionic Liquids

Oct 18, 2011

Charles J. Coronella

Over one fifth of calories consumed by humanity are from rice. Consequently, vast quantities of rice hulls are disposed of as waste, since the hull constitutes 20% of rice mass. Standard practice for disposal of rice hulls is burning, generating pollution and CO 2 , or thrown away in vast...

Feedstock Mixture Effects On Sugar Monomer Recovery Following Dilute Acid Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Oct 18, 2011

Michael J. Brodeur-Campbell

Feedstock Mixture Effects on Sugar Monomer Recovery Following Dilute Acid Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Michael Brodeur-Campbell 1 , Jordan Klinger 1 , and David Shonnard 1,2 [1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University [2] Director Sustainable Futures Institute...

Isoconversional Methods Applied to Kinetic Modeling Oxidative Alkaline Pretreatment of Sugarcane Bagasse

Oct 18, 2011

Rocio Sierra

Delignification (decrease of lignin content) has shown to be a valid method to significantly increase lignocellulosic feedstocks digestibility. This operation (widely known as pretreatment) makes these abundantly available and inexpensive feedstocks usable in fermentation processes whose main goal...

Pyrolytic Pathways to Advanced Biofuels

Oct 18, 2011

R. C. Brown

Pyrolysis is the thermal conversion of carbonaceous materials in the absence of molecular oxygen to liquids, solids and gases. In the most general sense, pyrolysis can occur in an inert or reducing atmosphere or within a solvent (including water); it can occur at atmospheric or elevated pressure;...

Ab-Initio Study of Glycerol Dehydration Mechanisms with Explicit Solvent Treatment

Oct 18, 2011

Tim Courtney

Glycerol produced as a waste product in biodiesel production has interesting potential as a low-cost biomass-derived feedstock for chemical processing. A process of current academic and commercial interest is the acid-catalyzed dehydration of glycerol to acrolein, a valuable platform chemical. Such...

Cellobiose Hydrolysis Using Acid-Functionalized Nanoparticles

Oct 18, 2011

Leidy Peña

Mineral acids have been used effectively for the pretreatment of cellulosic biomass to improve sugar recovery and promote its conversion to ethanol; however, substantial capital investment is required to enable separation of the acid, and corrosion-resistant materials are necessary. Disposal and...

Effect of Column Temperature On HPLC Separation of Acetic Acid and Levulinic Acid

Oct 18, 2011

Rui Xie

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a routine method in the analysis of degradation products in the prehydrolysate or the hydrolysis liquor of lignocellulosic biomass. Cation exchange column chromatography with a metal counter ion has been used for the quantitative analysis of...

Triacylglycerol Production From Corn Stover Silage Using a Xylose-Fermenting Rhodococcus Opacus Strain

Oct 18, 2011

Kazuhiko Kurosawa

Background: Biodiesel, monoalkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids attached to short-chain alcohols derived from triacylglycerols (TAGs), can be produced from renewable biomass sources. There has been interest in producing TAGs from oleaginous microorganisms. As published recently (J Biotechnol...

Modified AnoporeTM Hybrid Membranes for the Microfiltration of Cellulose Acid Hydrolysis Mixtures

Oct 18, 2011

Yong-Hong Zhao

Three classes of nonfouling substances, poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (POEM), poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA), and perfluoroalkyl tagged poly(ethylene glycol) surfactants (fPEG), were covalently tethered onto the surface of Anopore TM membranes (nominal pore size 0.2...

Improving Corn Stover Reactivity In Low Severity Pretreatment Through Deacetylation and Disc-Refining

Oct 18, 2011

Xiaowen Chen

The current “state-of-art” dilute acid pretreatment to produce bio-ethanol from corn stover requires severe conditions to overcome biomass recalcitrance, which, in turn, offers 70~80% xylose monomer yield and 5~7% furfural yield. However, high acid loadings and high reaction temperatures harm the...

Cellulase Inhibition by Pretreatment-Released Biomass Degradation Products

Oct 18, 2011

G. Peter van Walsum

The influence of pretreatment chemistry and the severity of dilute acid pretreatment on the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of soluble oligomer-derived and insoluble crystalline cellulose using a commercial enzyme preparation (Novozymes) was investigated. A dilute acid pretreatment was performed on...

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