Bioenergy

Change of Structure of Corncob with Dilute Acid and Lime Pretreatment and a Potential Process for Xylose Co-Production of Cellulosic Ethanol

Oct 19, 2011

Jihong Li

Degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose is considered an important factor to effect on the conversion of Lignocellulose. The higher DP of cellulose, the more difficult conversion of lignocellulose is. In this study, corncobs were pretreated with dilute acid process for production of xylose, and...

Bioconversion of Brown Seaweed Into Mixed Ketones Through the Carboxylate Platform Processing

Oct 19, 2011

Xin Chen

The Carboxylate Platform, also known as the MixAlco TM process, is an acidogenic fermentation process using mixed culture inoculums, which offers several advantages compared to conventional bioprocessing, such as: non-sterile fermentation, the use of inexpensive tanks, adaptability to a wide...

Green and High Efficient Enzyme Hydrolysis Process for Sweet Sorghum Bagasse

Oct 19, 2011

Xinshu Zhuang

In order to improve enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency, several approaches including liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment, adding surfactant, magnetic stirring and fed-batch hydrolysis were investigated, in which Sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) was chosen as the feedstock. The experiment results showed...

A Novel Reactive Distillation Approach for Producing 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone From Glycerol

Oct 19, 2011

Dennis J. Miller

Glycerol is a viable renewable feedstock that has emerged as a consequence of triglyceride conversion to biodiesel. In addition to glycerol conversion to commodity chemicals such as propylene glycol and epichlorohydrin, formation of higher-value specialty chemical products such as 1,3-...

Incremental Disassembling of Woody Biomass and Production of Biochemicals

Oct 19, 2011

Shijie Liu

Woody biomass is a reliable renewable source of raw materials for energy and chemicals. Woody biomass is structurally composed of cellulose, lignin, hemicelluloses and other minor components. The compositions vary from species to species. The complexity / heterogeneity of woody biomass presents...

Effect of Steam Explosion On Degradability and Accessiblity of Loblolly Pine In Bioethanol Applications

Oct 19, 2011

Yuzhi Kang

Abstract Among the various biomass pretreatment methods, steam explosion is one of the most widely used due to its cost-effective disruption of the plant structure and hence enhanced enzymatic accessibility. The operational parameters including temperature, residence time and acid concentration...

Effects of Reaction Conditions On the Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Miscanthus Dissolved In An Ionic Liquid

Oct 19, 2011

Sean J. Dee

Miscanthus, a perennial grass, is an attractive biofuel feedstock compared with corn and poplar due to its high energy yield per hectare and low agricultural inputs such as water and soil nutrients. Recent studies have shown the three primary components of miscanthus, cellulose, hemicellulose, and...

Acetic Acid Removal From the Hydrolysate Using Reactive Extraction In a Membrane Extractor/Reactor

Oct 18, 2011

Rahul Patil

Production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass requires pretreatment of the biomass to hydrolyze hemicellulose, separate lignin and reduce cellulose crystallinity. During the pretreatment by dilute acid hydrolysis, several grams of acetic acid per liter of hydrolysate is generated. Acetic...

Comparison of Chemical and Biological Delignification of Cardboard

Oct 18, 2011

Estefania Isaza

Some processes aimed to biofuels production, use lignocellulosic wastes as feedstocks for fermentative conversion. If this is the case, pretreatment is required to make these resources fully digestible. Among a wide range of pretreatment options, this study focuses and compares oxidative-alkaline...

Biological Conversion of Algefiber® (Seaweed Sludge) to Carboxylic Acids for Chemical Upgrading to Higher Alcohols Liquid Biofuel

Oct 18, 2011

Sampath A. Karunarathne

Concern about biofuel production from renewable resources has increased globally. Among different approaches to produce biofuels, the MixAlco ™ process is an innovative technology operating on the carboxylate platform, which converts any biodegradable material into mixed alcohol fuels through...

Sub- and Supercritical Water Based Processes for Conversion of Algae Biomass to Fuels and Green Chemicals – A Review

Oct 18, 2011

Philip A. Marrone

Sub- and Supercritical Water Based Processes for Conversion of Algae Biomass to Fuels and Green Chemicals – A Review Philip A. Marrone and Bryan V. Yeh Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) 60 Wells Ave, Suite 103 Newton, MA 02459 In recent years, there has been increasing...

Cellulose Extraction From Rice Hulls Using Ionic Liquids

Oct 18, 2011

Charles J. Coronella

Over one fifth of calories consumed by humanity are from rice. Consequently, vast quantities of rice hulls are disposed of as waste, since the hull constitutes 20% of rice mass. Standard practice for disposal of rice hulls is burning, generating pollution and CO 2 , or thrown away in vast...

Feedstock Mixture Effects On Sugar Monomer Recovery Following Dilute Acid Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Oct 18, 2011

Michael J. Brodeur-Campbell

Feedstock Mixture Effects on Sugar Monomer Recovery Following Dilute Acid Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Michael Brodeur-Campbell 1 , Jordan Klinger 1 , and David Shonnard 1,2 [1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University [2] Director Sustainable Futures Institute...

Isoconversional Methods Applied to Kinetic Modeling Oxidative Alkaline Pretreatment of Sugarcane Bagasse

Oct 18, 2011

Rocio Sierra

Delignification (decrease of lignin content) has shown to be a valid method to significantly increase lignocellulosic feedstocks digestibility. This operation (widely known as pretreatment) makes these abundantly available and inexpensive feedstocks usable in fermentation processes whose main goal...

Pyrolytic Pathways to Advanced Biofuels

Oct 18, 2011

R. C. Brown

Pyrolysis is the thermal conversion of carbonaceous materials in the absence of molecular oxygen to liquids, solids and gases. In the most general sense, pyrolysis can occur in an inert or reducing atmosphere or within a solvent (including water); it can occur at atmospheric or elevated pressure;...

Ab-Initio Study of Glycerol Dehydration Mechanisms with Explicit Solvent Treatment

Oct 18, 2011

Tim Courtney

Glycerol produced as a waste product in biodiesel production has interesting potential as a low-cost biomass-derived feedstock for chemical processing. A process of current academic and commercial interest is the acid-catalyzed dehydration of glycerol to acrolein, a valuable platform chemical. Such...

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