This paper discusses sources of Radon commonly encountered in the petrochemical industry. Several topics are discussed including: instrumentation needed for companies to effectively monitor for NORM, equipment decontamination, government regulations, and NORM training requirements for personnel...
Practical Process Integration Retrofit Part 3. Path Analysis G.T.Polley The concept of transferring heat along paths was first suggested by Dhole [1]. It was subsequently investigated by Adiarso [2] and Van Reisen [3,4]. It forms the basis of a technique known as Network Pinch introduced by Zhu...
The U.S. petroleum refining sector consumes large quantities of energy in order to convert crude oil into transportation fuels and other products. According to the Energy Information Administration, the sector consumed 31% of total U.S. industrial energy in 2006, resulting in significant CO 2...
Removal of H 2 S and CO 2 from gas streams and liquid hydrocarbon streams is important in many industrial processes. Solutions of aqueous amines have been used for more than 70 years to remove these unwanted acidic components in refineries streams, chemical processing and gas purification...
The use of cryogenic liquid expanders in the propane liquefaction process can increase the amount of liquefied product by reducing the boil-off losses. Current practice is to use a Joule-Thomson valve to reduce the high pressure condensate. Losses associated by throttling across a J-T valve result...
Practical Process Integration Retrofit Part 2. Remaining Problem Analysis & Driving Force Plot G.T.Polley The Cross-Pinch Method is not the only tool derived during the initial stages of the application of Pinch Technology to retrofit projects. Other significant developments were Remaining...
Advanced Process Control (APC) can take on many flavors and levels of sophistication. On the digital control systems (DCS), advanced regulatory controls can create value using property predictions cascaded to DCS controllers or feed forward or decoupling signals can be added to improve stability...
When Shell announced FID of the Prelude FLNG project, even uncertainties have not been totally cleared up, it is true to get a bright picture in developing stranded wells, which cannot be economically commercialized with the conventional development methodology. However, there are key concerns...