2011

Pilot Test for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Using a Fixed Bed Compact Heat Exchange Reactor

Oct 18, 2011

Hani Gadalla

Abstract A fixed-bed compact heat exchange reactor (CHER) was designed and constructed for by Chart Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction. This reactor contained a plate-fin structure with layers of mini-channels (channels having ~5 mm equivalent diameter) containing a total of 80 g of cobalt based...

The Role of Acidic Catalyst Support On the Catalytic Upgrading of Bio-Oils

Oct 18, 2011

Sunya Boonyasuwat

Catalytic conversion of bio-oil vapor has attracted considerable interest as a promising pathway for upgrading. In this work, the reaction of anisole and guaiacol, phenolic model compounds commonly existing in bio-oils, were studied over an acidic silica-alumina catalyst and at varying space times...

Simultaneously Increasing Profit and Reducing Emissions Through Process Optimization for Integrated Petrochemical Plants

Oct 18, 2011

Jian Zhang

Refineries and petrochemical plants are leading segment of the entire chemical process industry. It was reported that the value of the product shipments by refineries in U.S. accounted for 9.32% of the entire manufacturing sector of the U.S. economy in 2007. On the other hand, air emissions from...

Alkaline Deacylation of Corn Stover to Reduce Toxicity of Prehydrolyzates and Improve Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Oct 18, 2011

Urvi D. Kothari

Hydrolysates from dilute acid pretreatment of biomass contain various biomass degradation products which are inhibitory to enzymes and toxic to microorganisms. One of the main inhibitory compounds is acetic acid which is released from the lignin-hemicellulose matrix in the biomass. Acetic acid at...

Reducing Process Complexity for Cellulosic Ethanol

Oct 18, 2011

L.O. Ingram

Much of the process complexity and high capital costs associate with cellulosic ethanol (dilute acid hydrolysis as a pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of cellulose) results from side products such as furfural, acetate, and soluble lignin compounds that inhibit the biocatalysts. Inhibitor...

Structure and Thermochemistry of Phase-Changing Aminosilicone-Based CO2-Capture Absorbents

Oct 18, 2011

Benjamin R. Wood

Liquid aminosilicone-based CO 2 absorbents that solidify upon reaction with CO 2 have been developed. These phase-changing absorbents have the potential for superior performance for capturing CO 2 from the flue gas of pulverized-coal power plants. A process has been conceived in which the liquid...

Photoanode Area Dependent Efficiency and Recombination In Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

Oct 18, 2011

Venkat Kalyan Vendra

Current-voltage characterization was carried out on dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with different photoanode areas ranging from 0.01 cm 2 to 1 cm 2 . Surprisingly, we found that the short-circuit current density and the efficiency of the solar cells increased exponentially as the photoaonode...

Beyond Water: Expanding the Spectrum of Efficient Large Scale Separations

Oct 18, 2011

William J. Koros

Innovations in membrane materials, structures, modules and system design have fundamentally changed the water purification industry over the past four decades. Revolutionary reductions by a full order of magnitude in energy consumption per unit of delivered product were achieved by substituting...

Gas Fermentation of Industrial Waste Gases to Fuel and Chemicals

Oct 18, 2011

Derek W. Griffin

The food versus fuel debate is becoming increasingly controversial in the wake of the industrialization of eastern countries and the ever-growing population of the world. Sustainable and renewable feed stocks are being explored as energy sources in order to meet the increasing energy demand and...

Comparison of Amine-Based Absorbents for Post-Combustion Carbon Capture

Oct 18, 2011

Sumedh S. Warudkar

As a part of this work, we have performed a comparison of 4 amine-based absorbents using the process simulation software ProMax ® with TSWEET ® . Absorbents were compared at pulverized coal fired power plant flue gas conditions. The criteria for comparison of absorbents are the energy requirement...

Biomimicry of the Fungal Consolidation of Biomass Pretreatment with Saccharification

Oct 18, 2011

Justin T. Kaffenberger

Efficient breakdown of ligno-cellulosic material prior to fermentation for bio-fuel production is a key step in optimizing bio-fuel production. Current industrial practice involves chemical pretreatment and acid or enzymatic saccharification to prepare ligno-cellulosic biomass for fermentation. The...

Optical Coherence Tomography: A New PAT-Tool for Fast and Non-Destructive Analysis of Tablet Coating Quality

Oct 18, 2011

Daniel M. Koller

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique allowing fast and high-quality cross-sectional imaging of semi-transparent and turbid media. Biomedical research and diagnostics have been up to now the main driving forces for the reported applications and progress in OCT. The...

Hydrogen Production From Deliquescence of Ammonia Borane

Oct 18, 2011

Bing-Hung Chen

Chemical hydride is one of the most potential hydrogen storage materials which can effectively increase hydrogen storage capacity. To meet the new goal of U.S. department of energy (DoE), 4.5wt% and 5.5 wt% of gravimetric hydrogen density capacity by 2010 and 2015, respectively, ammonia borane (AB...

Material and Engineering Assessments of Electrochemical Processes for Carbon Capture Technology

Oct 18, 2011

Fritz Simeon

Integrating carbon capture technology with large source carbon emitters is necessary in the very near future to mitigate the contribution of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions to climate change and global public welfare. However, the implementation of this technology with current separation approaches is...

Activated Carbon Process for Simultaneous SOx/NOx Removal From Concentrated CO2 At Elevated Pressures

Oct 18, 2011

Monica Zanfir

Background Oxy-combustion is considered as one of the CO 2 capture options for the coal-fired power plants. The CO 2 -rich flue gas from such a plant will have to be compressed and purified for sequestrtion. Praxair is developing a near zero emissions technology that will produce CO 2 virtually...

Construction of Efficient Gram-Negative Biocatalysts for Lignocellulose Conversion

Oct 18, 2011

David Keating

Research within the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center aims to better understand the bottlenecks associated with bioconversion of lignocellulose to liquid transportation fuels, knowledge which will then be used to improve the efficiency of this process. Much of these studies are currently...

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