AIChE Spring Meeting and Global Congress on Process Safety

Assuring Ethylene Purity: Reliable Sub-Ppm Measurement of Ammonia and Water with Online TDL Analyzers

Apr 5, 2012

Marcus Trygstad

Accompanying the ever-increasing performance of polymerization catalysts used to produce polyethylene (PE) is a general increase in catalyst sensitivity to impurities in ethylene feed. These can impact the length and branching of polymer chains as well as interchain bonding, which in turn determine...

Galvanic Corrosion Between Dissimilar Metals

Apr 5, 2012

Richard Rolke

A Dow USGC cracker suffered a tube failure on a cracked gas compressor inner stage cooler after ten plus years of service. To further extend the equipment life, the decision was made to replace the tube bundle and upgrade the metallurgy of the tubes from admiralty brass to Duplex stainless steel...

Modeling of LNG Spills Into Trenches and Troughs

Apr 5, 2012

Nicolas F. Ponchaut

Trenches and troughs are commonly used in LNG storage and transfer facilities to contain potential LNG spills. The trenches are concrete-lined rectangular channels dug into the ground. They are typically slightly inclined from the horizontal to direct the flow of LNG towards the sump and they are...

Service Life Prediction of 9% Ni Steel LNG Storage Tank Using Fatigue Analysis

Apr 5, 2012

Seung-Rim Lee

As the design life expiration date(about 25 years) approaches for domestic LNG storage tank, the issue of tank lifetime extension is paid more and more attention by the Korea LNG industry. Recently, Korea Gas Safety Corporation is carrying out a project for developing technologies and standards for...

Designing LNG Vapor Dispersion Exclusion Zones to Protect the Public

Apr 5, 2012

Jerry Havens

The LNG industry, if not the entire energy industry, may be at a crossroad. Expectation of large shale gas supplies in the United States, with a backdrop of international economies in precarious states, makes more uncertain the promise of major investments in LNG import facilities. Already, a...

Evaluation of Key Parameters for Designing Effective Water Curtain Systems for LNG Facilities Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Apr 5, 2012

Byung Kyu Kim, Byung Kyu Kim

Concerns over public safety and security of an accidental LNG spill have motivated the continued study of LNG mitigation measures. Forced dispersion of LNG vapors using a water curtain system has been proven to be effective in reducing the LNG vapor exclusion zone by enhancing the dispersion...

CFD Simulation of the Falcon Tests Using the Homogeneous Equilibrium Model in FLACS

Apr 5, 2012

Filippo Gavelli

The CFD model FLACS was recently validated [1] against the 33 experimental data sets included in the Model Evaluation Database [2], which was compiled by the UK Health and Safety Laboratory as part of the Model Evaluation Protocol for LNG Vapor Dispersion. FLACS performed very well in the...

Development of a Differential Pressure Prediction for An Oil Quench Tower

Apr 5, 2012

Bernardo Corripio, Bernardo M. Corripio

The fouling of oil quench tower internals is a recurrent problem for ethylene plants and it is important to monitor the rate of fouling so that mitigating steps can be taken and cleaning of the tower can be planned. The most useful instruments for monitoring the fouling of the OQT are differential...

Emissivity of Cracking Furnace Coils, Novel Temperature Measurement Solutions for Cracking Furnaces

Apr 5, 2012

Ben Brown

Accurate measurements of skin temperature on cracking furnace coils have become necessary for improved process control. Infrared devices have proven inaccurate for measuring skin temperatures on furnace coils. The inaccuracy has been driven in large part by an uncharacterized and misunderstood...

Validation of PHAST Dispersion Model As Required for USA LNG Siting Applications

Apr 5, 2012

Henk W.M. Witlox

PHMSA in consultation with FERC has issued guidance relating to approval in the USA of atmospheric dispersion models for LNG siting applications. This guidance includes a Model Evaluation Protocol (MEP), and an associated experimental database against which the model needs to be validated. Final...

Furnace Stories

Apr 5, 2012

Ken Beasley

The cracking furnace is the heart of the ethylene plant, consuming the most energy, adding the most value and with the potential to cause the most damage. Every aspect of the furnace is critical from the specifications through design, construction and including commissioning, start-up, operations,...

Theoretical Study of Expansion Foam Application on LNG Pool Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Apr 4, 2012

Bin Zhang

LNG facilities could harm the personnel on site and jeopardize local communities nearby, due to the flammability and dense gas behaviors of LNG. Nowadays, the growing concern with chemical process safety leads to the timely establishment of regulations and standards regarding to consequence...

Guidelines for Jetting and Flashing LNG Vapor Exclusion Zone Analysis

Apr 4, 2012

Delmar R. Morrison

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has been a growing energy resource in the U.S., for which significant import and storage infrastructure was developed in the past decade. The infrastructure for liquefaction and export has also been developing as a result of recent shale gas finds in North America. In...

Capital Cost Targeting of Total Site Heat Recovery

Apr 4, 2012

Petar Sabev Varbanov

Heat recovery on Total Site level can provide a considerably high potential for energy saving. It offers additional degrees of freedom for heat recovery and cogeneration. A key issue in Total Site heat recovery is to select the minimum allowed temperature difference (ΔT min ) specifications on a...

Acetylene Converter Safety Systems

Apr 4, 2012

Nelson Shen

Acetylene is produced as a by-product during the pyrolysis cracking of hydrocarbons in ethylene plant furnaces. Typically the acceptable acetylene contaminant level in the polymer grade ethylene product is in the range of 1 ppmv or lower. Since acetylene will fractionate with ethylene, it needs to...

Source Term Modeling of Vapor Cloud Formation During a Cryogenic Liquid Spill Based on a Boiling Model by CFD Method

Apr 4, 2012

Yi Liu

The formation of a flammable vapor cloud following a spill of cryogenic liquids, such as ammonia and LNG (liquefied natural gas), on a ground or water includes significant toxic, fire or explosion hazards. The ability to predict the consequences of such an event is crucial to perform proper risk...

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AIChE Spring Meeting and Global Congress on Process Safety

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