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Fossil Fuels

Novel Additives to Improve Resid Quality

Mar 14, 2011
Parag Shah
With an increasing focus on resid upgrade and bottom of the barrel conversion over the years due to economic advantages, refiners are increasingly processing heavy crudes that yield higher residue content. These crudes are also higher in salt, metal and sulfur content. Often in these cases, there...

Petroleum Resid Conversion: Opportunities and Limitations

Mar 14, 2011
Irv Wiehe
In the conversion of vacuum resids one has the option to form coke as a byproduct or to devise conversion processes that prevent coke formation while forming a heavy liquid byproduct. The theme of this presentation is that both options can be greatly improved over current commercial practice but...

The Role of Heat Exchangers In Post-Combustion CO2 Capture

Mar 14, 2011
Warren H. Ziegler
The role of heat exchangers in post-combustion CO2 capture Warren Ziegler Motivation: The overall energy penalty for post-combustion carbon capture by aqueous amines as well as solid sorbent systems can be reduced significantly by recovering heat from the lean/hot solvents coming out of the...

Resin Wafer Electrodeionization for Flue Gas Carbon Dioxide Capture

Mar 14, 2011
Rebecca L. Stiles
Energy efficient capture of CO 2 from coal-fired power plants is one of the grand challenges for the U.S. both to end dependence on imported energy and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Nalco Company and Argonne National Laboratory received a Department of Energy ARPA-E award to develop Resin...

Mercury Removal From Gaseous and Liquid Hydrocarbons

Mar 13, 2011
Neil Eckersley
Mercury is present in many of the world’s oil & gas fields and its removal and capture is important for a number of reasons: * Process plants with brazed aluminium heat exchangers are susceptible to corrosive attack by mercury * Product streams eg. naphtha are less valuable to producers when “...

Processing Heavy Crudes In Existing Refineries

Mar 13, 2011
Kevin Turini
Increasing amounts of heavy crudes are being produced, particularly in Canada and South America. The discount prices for these crudes, relative to light sweet crudes, make them attractive for refiners that can process them, particularly if they have a geographic advantage relative to the crude...

CO2 Tolerant N2 Rejection From Natural Gas

Mar 13, 2011
Heinz C. Bauer
Associated gas from the oil industry has been flared for decades. The prevailing attitude towards CO 2 emissions and other pollutants requires smart approaches to processing low BTU gases in a cost effective and environmentally responsible manner. The injection of nitrogen into oil reservoirs for...

What Are We Going to Do with All This Natural Gas?” –

Mar 13, 2011
Sam Thomas
The success in Shale and other unconventional formations has dramatically expanded the N. American Natural Gas reserves and promises to also do so in many other parts of the world. New LNG liquefaction capacity in the Middle East and Asia along with additional large scale capacity from Australia...

Fundamentals of Alarm Management

Mar 13, 2011
Peter G. Herena
When the information era began thirty years ago, the focus for the refinery control specialist was placing as much data as possible into the hands of engineers and operators. The philosophy remained prevalent though the volume of transferred data leaped by orders of magnitude every decade...

The Effect of Turbulence on the Evaporation of LNG Spills on Water

Mar 24, 2010
An important element of the overall risk of near-shore and offshore LNG operations is the behavior of spills on water: how the spill first interacts with the water at the point of entry, how the liquid pool first forms and spreads and how the emanating vapors disperse. Several models exist for...

Designing for an LNG Loading Arm Failure

Mar 24, 2010
Dennis Taylor
Over the last few decades, LNG has vaulted onto the world stage as a viable candidate for future energy needs. Scores of studies have been done to illustrate the potential consequences of an accidental release of LNG. Some excellent studies have been reported, but uncertainties still exist because...

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