Biofuels (Energy)

Comparative Reaction Kinetics of Acid Hydrolysis of Plant Biomass and Algae Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Bin Yang

The current vision of biomass (e.g. plant, algae) conversion technologies is focused on developing the reactive intermediates platform for biofuels and chemicals production. A key challenge in using biomass as a renewable resource is its incredibly diverse polymeric structure. Sugars, furfural, HMF...

Effect of Storage Method and Duration On the Bioprocessing of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Arun Athmanathan

Lignocellulosic biorefineries require an efficient system of biomass storage between harvesting and processing. This study reports the effect of storage method and duration on the composition and processing performance of sweet sorghum bagasse. Sorghum bagasse was harvested at 85% moisture content...

Pyrolysis Vapors Upgrading Using Metal Oxides

Oct 17, 2011

Ayman Karim

Pyrolysis Vapors Upgrading using Metal Oxides Ayman M. Karim 1 , Donghai Mei 1 , Vanessa Lebarbier 1 , Changjun Liu 1,2 and Yong Wang 1,2 1 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 2 Washington State University The vapors generated during fast pyrolysis of biomass contain a significant fraction of...

Ionic Liquid Pretreatment of Wood Biomass Leading to Enhanced Enzymatic Delignification

Oct 17, 2011

Muhammad Moniruzzaman

The biological pretreatment of wood biomass for degrading lignin, a complex aromatic polymer, has received much attention as an environmentally safe or “green” process. Generally, enzymes isolated from naturally occurring fungi, or with enzymes produced by genetically engineered fungi have been...

Flow and Transport Properties In High-Solids Biomass Slurries

Oct 17, 2011

James J. Lischeske

Economic biochemical conversion of cellulose to sugars necessitates minimal addition of water to biomass slurries during conversion, resulting in high-solids systems. The resulting slurries are effectively wet-granular materials. These materials presents difficulties for reactor engineering, as...

Kinetics Study of Furfural Production From Cellulosic Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Taiying Zhang

Furfural is an important chemical and also a building block for production of drop-in hydrocarbon fuels and can be produced from cellulosic biomass such as woody crops and bagasse by hydrolysis and dehydration with mineral acids. However, furfural yields employing current technologies are limited...

Catalytic Study On Lignin Degradation and Conversion Into Biofuels

Oct 17, 2011

Yulin Deng

Catalytic study on lignin degradation and conversion into biofuels Wei Mu and Yulin Deng School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and IPST at GT, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0620 Author for correspondence (e-mail: yulin.deng@chbe.gatech.edu ) As an ideal...

Improving the Quality of Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) As Feedstock for Biorefineries

Oct 17, 2011

Maria Nydia Ruiz-Felix

In the current ecological climate there is a strong push to find a renewable energy resource to reduce the usage of fossil fuels which are depleting and are causing greenhouse gas emissions. Biorenewable materials, particularly lignocellulosic biomass, have received increased attention recently as...

Biodegradation of Hardwood Lignocellulosics by the Western Poplar Clearwing Borer, Paranthrene Robiniae (Hy. Edwards)

Oct 17, 2011

Jing Ke

Plant lignin is a source of useful chemicals, and also the major barrier for saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass for ethanol conversion. The enzymatic lignin degradation/modification could bypass the need for chemical pretreatment and thereby facilitate bioprocess consolidation. Herein, we...

A Novel SHF Process for Conversion of AFEX-CS to Ethanol Featuring High Ethanol Productivity, Enzyme Recycling, and Yeast Cells Reuse

Oct 17, 2011

Venkatesh Balan

There are two major problems in current cellulosic ethanol production process: low ethanol productivity and high enzyme loading. Based on the current Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) process, it takes at least 96h to perform enzymatic hydrolysis to convert AFEX-CS to fermentable sugars at...

A Novel Method to Harvest Microalgae Via Fungal Pelletization

Oct 17, 2011

Jianguo Zhang

Microalgae harvest contributes a large portion of cost for microalgae-to-biofuels production. Most current harvest technologies including chemical and mechanical methods are only economically feasible for production of high-value products due to the costs. In this work, we are describing a new...

Modeling and Optimization of Algae Based Biodiesel Production

Oct 16, 2011

Soumya Yadala

Processing of biodiesel from algae biomass has attracted much interest in recent times due to many reasons. Significant amongst them are global warming and scarcity in fossil fuels. It has been suggested that this third generation biofuel, a carbon neutral alternative, is capable of meeting the...

Rule of Thumb for Design of Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass In Bubbling Fluid Bed Reactor

Oct 16, 2011

Foster Agblevor

The production of stable biomass pyrolysis depends strongly on both reactor design and the effective design of a condensation train to collect the pyrolysis products. There are several challenges in the design of the pyrolysis system including solids feeding, char separation from the pyrolysis...

Rule of Thumb for Reactor Design and Process Condition for Biodiesel Production

Oct 16, 2011

Masato Kouzu

The rule of thumb for reactor design and process condition for biodiesel production is introduced. The important aspect includes type of feedstock oil, catalyst selection, methanol/oil ratio, quality of the produced biodiesel. When low quality plant oil is used as the feedstock, its pre-treatment...

Effects of Total Inorganic Carbon and Nitrogen Concentrations On Lipid Formation In Chlorella Vulgaris

Oct 16, 2011

Jinsoo Kim

Effects of total inorganic carbon and nitrogen concentrations on lipid formation in Chlorella vulgaris Jinsoo Kim 1 , Joo-Youp Lee 1 , Kaniz F. Siddiqui 2 1 Chemical Engineering Program, University of Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012 2 The Metropolitan Sewer District of Greater Cincinnati, Cincinnati,...

Biomass Pyrolysis and Gasification: Engineering Rules of Thumb

Oct 16, 2011

Michael J. Antal

In this presentation I review important findings recorded in the archival literature concerning the thermodynamics, kinetics, mechanisms, and catalysis of biomass pyrolysis and gasification that serve as rules of thumb for reactor design.

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