Biofuels (Energy)

Algal Biofuels: The Research

March

2011

SBE Special Section

Kimberly Ogden, Kuan-Chen Cheng

The individual technical elements of the algae-to-biofuels process have already been demonstrated at the laboratory scale. Ongoing research seeks to refine the technology to enable scaleup to commercial production.

Producing Fuels and Chemicals from Lignocellulosic Biomass

August

2008

SBE Special Section

Mark Holtzapple, Rocio Sierra, Aaron Smith, Cesar Granda and Mark T. Holtzapple

As oil and natural gas prices rise, lignocellulosic biomass becomes a viable feedstock for the fuel and chemical industries— provided key issues are addressed.

BIOCORE - On a Paradigm for the Design and Synthesis of Real-Life Biorefineries

Oct 19, 2011

Aikaterini D. Mountraki

As oil is a fast depleting resource (BP, 2010), much is expected by the production of biofuels as valid options to replace fossil-oil transportation fuels. Biorefineries are not an entirely new concept. Many of the traditional biomass conversion technologies such as the sugar and paper industries...

Incremental Disassembling of Woody Biomass and Production of Biochemicals

Oct 19, 2011

Shijie Liu

Woody biomass is a reliable renewable source of raw materials for energy and chemicals. Woody biomass is structurally composed of cellulose, lignin, hemicelluloses and other minor components. The compositions vary from species to species. The complexity / heterogeneity of woody biomass presents...

An Anaerobic Bacterial Treatment of Corn Stover to Prepare a Biorefining Feedstock

Oct 19, 2011

James MacLellan

Anaerobic Bacterial Treatment of Corn Stover to Prepare a Biorefining Feedstock James MacLellan, Zhengbo Yue, Robert Kraemer, Wei Liao* Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan 48823 Abstract The objective of this study is to apply an...

Change of Structure of Corncob with Dilute Acid and Lime Pretreatment and a Potential Process for Xylose Co-Production of Cellulosic Ethanol

Oct 19, 2011

Jihong Li

Degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose is considered an important factor to effect on the conversion of Lignocellulose. The higher DP of cellulose, the more difficult conversion of lignocellulose is. In this study, corncobs were pretreated with dilute acid process for production of xylose, and...

The Role of Cellulose Accessibility On Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocelluloses

Oct 19, 2011

Junyong Zhu

So much research has been dedicated to understand the effects of various factors on enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocelluloses. It has been understood that removal of hemicelluloses is very important to improve lignocellulosic substrate digestibility. It has also been identified that improving enzyme...

Towards Developing Anaerobic Digestion Based Biorefinery – Research On Food Wastes As Feedstock

Oct 19, 2011

Shulin Chen

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a proven technology for waste treatment. However, as the organic material becomes more valuable and being treated as resources, traditional AD process is no longer adequate. The Bioprocessing and Bioproduct Engineering Laboratory at Washington State University has been...

Simultaneous Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) and Lipid Production by Activated Sludge Via Fermentation of Glucose

Oct 19, 2011

Patrisha J. Pham

The use of activated sludge microflora to convert sugars, derived from the hydrolysis of lignocellulose biomass, into lipids for biofuel production is of current research interest in our group. Lipid accumulation in this system has been enhanced by manipulating the carbon-nitrogen (C:N) ratio and...

Effect of Steam Explosion On Degradability and Accessiblity of Loblolly Pine In Bioethanol Applications

Oct 19, 2011

Yuzhi Kang

Abstract Among the various biomass pretreatment methods, steam explosion is one of the most widely used due to its cost-effective disruption of the plant structure and hence enhanced enzymatic accessibility. The operational parameters including temperature, residence time and acid concentration...

Acetic Acid Removal From the Hydrolysate Using Reactive Extraction In a Membrane Extractor/Reactor

Oct 18, 2011

Rahul Patil

Production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass requires pretreatment of the biomass to hydrolyze hemicellulose, separate lignin and reduce cellulose crystallinity. During the pretreatment by dilute acid hydrolysis, several grams of acetic acid per liter of hydrolysate is generated. Acetic...

Evaluation of Membrane Separations Opportunities within Lignocellulosic Biorefining Processes: Tailoring Membrane Properties

Oct 18, 2011

Jennifer M. Leberknight

Evaluation of Membrane Separations Opportunities within Lignocellulosic Biorefining Processes: Tailoring Membrane Properties Jennifer Leberknight, Amitkumar Gautam, and Todd J. Menkhaus South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering 501 East Saint...

Cellulose Extraction From Rice Hulls Using Ionic Liquids

Oct 18, 2011

Charles J. Coronella

Over one fifth of calories consumed by humanity are from rice. Consequently, vast quantities of rice hulls are disposed of as waste, since the hull constitutes 20% of rice mass. Standard practice for disposal of rice hulls is burning, generating pollution and CO 2 , or thrown away in vast...

Effect of Column Temperature On HPLC Separation of Acetic Acid and Levulinic Acid

Oct 18, 2011

Rui Xie

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a routine method in the analysis of degradation products in the prehydrolysate or the hydrolysis liquor of lignocellulosic biomass. Cation exchange column chromatography with a metal counter ion has been used for the quantitative analysis of...

Catalytic Isomerization/Dehydration of Sugars On Functionalized CNT-Metal Oxide Hybrids At the Liquid-Liquid Interface of Water/Oil Emulsions

Oct 18, 2011

Jimmy A. Faria

The conversion of C5-C6 sugars into 2-furfural (FA) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) have been considered as key intermediate step in the production of transportation fuels and chemicals from ligno-cellulosic biomass. Typically, the process involves the dehydration reaction of the sugars catalyze...

Modified AnoporeTM Hybrid Membranes for the Microfiltration of Cellulose Acid Hydrolysis Mixtures

Oct 18, 2011

Yong-Hong Zhao

Three classes of nonfouling substances, poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (POEM), poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA), and perfluoroalkyl tagged poly(ethylene glycol) surfactants (fPEG), were covalently tethered onto the surface of Anopore TM membranes (nominal pore size 0.2...

Search form

Biofuels (Energy)

Pages