Biofuels (Energy)

Role of Enzyme Blend Composition, Biomass Particle Size and Solids Loading On Pretreated Biomass Saccharification Efficiency

Oct 17, 2011

Shishir PS Chundawat

One of the limitations of screening enzyme combinations using microplate based assays (Gao et al. 2010, Bioresour Technol 101, 8:2770) is that these are typically carried out using milled biomass (1 mm). The crude glycosyl hydrolase mixtures were also analyzed using a high-throughput proteomics...

Critical Conditions for High Efficiency Flocculation of Freshwater Algae with Ferric Chloride

Oct 17, 2011

John C. Hewson

Algae have recently received much attention due to their potential as a source of clean biofuel. One of the key economic hurdles in the production of biofuel from algal feedstocks continues to be the harvesting process. Flocculation shows great potential for lowering the economic hurdle by...

Biojet Production From Hydrocracking of Vegetable Oil

Oct 17, 2011

Huali Wang

The development of fuels from alternative and renewable sources to replace commercial petroleum products has been a subject of increasing research in recent years. At present, there are few economically feasible processes to produce jet fuel from plant oils and animal fats, especially with non-...

Steam Reforming of Ethanol-Phenol Mixture As a Model for Biomass Tar

Oct 17, 2011

Guido Busca

Introduction Hydrogen is produced by biomasses through a variety of pyrolysis and gasification processes. Most of these processes are hampered by the coproduction of tars, a mixture of heavy compounds that may result in fouling of heat exchangers and reactors. A steam reforming step is needed to...

Binary Diffusion Coefficients of Biomass-Based Carbochemicals In Subcritical Water Using Chromatographic Peak Broadening Technique

Oct 17, 2011

Keerthi Srinivas

Carbochemicals such as furfural and HMF are very useful as intermediates in the production of various chemicals and polymers that have numerous food, fuel and medical applications. These carbochemicals can be obtained from sugar degradation upon hydrothermal treatment of biomass substrates such as...

Power Dissipation In Microwave-Enhanced In-Situ Transesterification of Algal Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Prafulla Dinkarrao Patil

The main objective of this study was to investigate the power controlled effect on microwave-accelerated simultaneous extraction and transesterification (in situ transesterification) of dry algal biomass. Experimental runs were designed using a response surface methodology and the process...

Effect of Pressure and Heating Rate On Biomass Devolatilization and Gasification

Oct 17, 2011

Pradeep K. Agrawal

The goal of present study is to characterize the effect of pressure and heating rate on the devolatilization behavior of different biomass species. Three biomass species (southern Pine, corn stover, and switchgrass) were studied. A combination of two complementary gasification devices are utilized...

Observing and Modeling Cellulosic Substrate Depolymerization by Commercial Enzyme Cocktails Using Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Oct 17, 2011

Jeremy S. Luterbacher

Understanding and modeling the depolymerization mechanisms of cellulosic and lignocellulosic substrates by cellulase cocktails is a critical step towards further optimizing the production of monosaccharides from biomass. The Spezyme CP cellulase cocktail combined with the Novo 188 b-glucosidase...

Progress Toward Biological Pretreatment - Understanding Plant Cell Wall Degradation by Termite and White-Rot Fungi

Oct 17, 2011

Shulin Chen

In an effort developing more efficient and environmentally benign lignocellulosic biomass processing technologies, the authors’ laboratory has been studying plant cell wall degradation process in termite and white-rot fungi. This presentation summarizes the results so far obtained from various...

Energy Optimization of Hydrogen Production From Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Mariano Martín

Energy optimization of Hydrogen production from biomass Mariano Martín a,b , Ignacio E. Grossmann b [1] mariano.m3@usal.es ; grossmann@cmu.edu a Departamento de Ingeniería Química yTextil. Universidad de Salamanca. Plz. Caidos 1-5 37008, Salamanca (Spain) b Department of Chemical Engineering...

Comparative Reaction Kinetics of Acid Hydrolysis of Plant Biomass and Algae Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Bin Yang

The current vision of biomass (e.g. plant, algae) conversion technologies is focused on developing the reactive intermediates platform for biofuels and chemicals production. A key challenge in using biomass as a renewable resource is its incredibly diverse polymeric structure. Sugars, furfural, HMF...

Effect of Storage Method and Duration On the Bioprocessing of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Arun Athmanathan

Lignocellulosic biorefineries require an efficient system of biomass storage between harvesting and processing. This study reports the effect of storage method and duration on the composition and processing performance of sweet sorghum bagasse. Sorghum bagasse was harvested at 85% moisture content...

Pyrolysis Vapors Upgrading Using Metal Oxides

Oct 17, 2011

Ayman Karim

Pyrolysis Vapors Upgrading using Metal Oxides Ayman M. Karim 1 , Donghai Mei 1 , Vanessa Lebarbier 1 , Changjun Liu 1,2 and Yong Wang 1,2 1 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 2 Washington State University The vapors generated during fast pyrolysis of biomass contain a significant fraction of...

Ionic Liquid Pretreatment of Wood Biomass Leading to Enhanced Enzymatic Delignification

Oct 17, 2011

Muhammad Moniruzzaman

The biological pretreatment of wood biomass for degrading lignin, a complex aromatic polymer, has received much attention as an environmentally safe or “green” process. Generally, enzymes isolated from naturally occurring fungi, or with enzymes produced by genetically engineered fungi have been...

Flow and Transport Properties In High-Solids Biomass Slurries

Oct 17, 2011

James J. Lischeske

Economic biochemical conversion of cellulose to sugars necessitates minimal addition of water to biomass slurries during conversion, resulting in high-solids systems. The resulting slurries are effectively wet-granular materials. These materials presents difficulties for reactor engineering, as...

Kinetics Study of Furfural Production From Cellulosic Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Taiying Zhang

Furfural is an important chemical and also a building block for production of drop-in hydrocarbon fuels and can be produced from cellulosic biomass such as woody crops and bagasse by hydrolysis and dehydration with mineral acids. However, furfural yields employing current technologies are limited...

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Biofuels (Energy)

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