Alternative Energy

A Future Energy Supply Based on Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC)

Oct 18, 2011

Daniel Teichmann

This lecture describes a concept for the establishment of a competitive energy distribution network based on Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC) compounds. These compounds are characterized by the fact that they can be loaded and un-loaded with considerable amounts of hydrogen in a cyclic...

Hydrothermal Fabrication of Ordered SnO2 Nanorod Arrays by Liquid Phase Conversion Process for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Oct 18, 2011

Umang V. Desai

One-dimensional semiconductor materials have attracted significant research interest because of their unique properties for various technological applications. SnO 2 , as a wide band-gap semiconductor material is a promising photoanode material for dye-sensitized solar cells because of its fast...

A New Metal-Decorated Carbon Catalyst for Dehydrogenation of Complex Hydride Hydrogen Storage Materials

Oct 18, 2011

Sean S.-Y. Lin

In recent years, many new solid-state hydrides with a high hydrogen capacity that meet DOE requirement (> 7.5 wt.% H 2 ) have been synthesized as promising on-board hydrogen storage materials. In these hydrides, however, only a small fraction of hydrogen can be released at a desired on-board...

Kinetics of Self-Hydrolysis of Concentrated Sodium Borohydride Solutions At High Temperatures

Oct 18, 2011

Rajasree Retnamma

Hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) over metal catalyst is being accepted as a potential technology to deliver H 2 for portable fuel cells. However, unresolved issues such as minimizing the amount of water and nature of hydration by-product limit the hydrogen storage capacities of NaBH 4 ...

Modified AnoporeTM Hybrid Membranes for the Microfiltration of Cellulose Acid Hydrolysis Mixtures

Oct 18, 2011

Yong-Hong Zhao

Three classes of nonfouling substances, poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (POEM), poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA), and perfluoroalkyl tagged poly(ethylene glycol) surfactants (fPEG), were covalently tethered onto the surface of Anopore TM membranes (nominal pore size 0.2...

Hydrogen Production From Deliquescence of Ammonia Borane

Oct 18, 2011

Bing-Hung Chen

Chemical hydride is one of the most potential hydrogen storage materials which can effectively increase hydrogen storage capacity. To meet the new goal of U.S. department of energy (DoE), 4.5wt% and 5.5 wt% of gravimetric hydrogen density capacity by 2010 and 2015, respectively, ammonia borane (AB...

Cellobiose Hydrolysis Using Acid-Functionalized Nanoparticles

Oct 18, 2011

Leidy Peña

Mineral acids have been used effectively for the pretreatment of cellulosic biomass to improve sugar recovery and promote its conversion to ethanol; however, substantial capital investment is required to enable separation of the acid, and corrosion-resistant materials are necessary. Disposal and...

Catalytic Hydrolysis of Ammonia Borane Using Co-B Nanoparticles Embedded In Mesoporous Silica Particles: a Very Efficient Catalyst for Hydrogen Production

Oct 17, 2011

Dushyant C. Kothari

Ammonia Borane (AB), with high hydrogen storage capacity (19.5 wt.%), is predicted to be possibly a future fuel for providing pure H 2 to fuel cell at room temperature for on-board and portable applications. However, a heterogeneous catalyst plays a vital role for first initiating and then...

Improved Ethanol Production Through Anaerobic Thermophilic Co-Culture From Various Carbohydrates

Oct 17, 2011

Lei Xu

Saccharification of fermentable sugars is one of the most critical steps in producing bio-ethanol from lignocellulosics through Consolidate Bioprocessing (CBP). However, the extreme pH and ethanol concentration are commonly considered to be the potential inhibitory factors for the application of...

Solar Thermal Production of Hydrogen Using Alumina Supported Ferrites: Thermodynamic Evaluation and On-Sun Validation

Oct 17, 2011

Paul Lichty

Alumina supports were coated with CoFe 2 O 4 using an alternating atomic layer deposition process. Nano-powder and hollow skeletal shells were used as supports. Large, high surface area polymer particles (~600µm, 43.5 m 2 /g) have been coated via ALD with several layers of alumina. The alumina...

Ordered Mesoporous TiO2/ZnO Material for Hydrogen Production

Oct 17, 2011

Menan Hussein

Ordered mesoporous Zr-doped TiO 2 /ZnO material is currently being investigated for band gap tuning and higher loadings of photo-sensitizer. Utilization of such mesoporous materials thereby offers an opportunity to sensitize semiconductor with higher sensitizer loadings leading to effective charge...

Energy Optimization of Hydrogen Production From Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Mariano Martín

Energy optimization of Hydrogen production from biomass Mariano Martín a,b , Ignacio E. Grossmann b [1] mariano.m3@usal.es ; grossmann@cmu.edu a Departamento de Ingeniería Química yTextil. Universidad de Salamanca. Plz. Caidos 1-5 37008, Salamanca (Spain) b Department of Chemical Engineering...

Inorganic Catalytic Nanofibers for the Production of Hydrogen Via Alkaline Hydrolysis of Biomass

Oct 17, 2011

Nathaniel S. Hansen

Here we propose to develop a farm-scale biorefining system that can convert cellulosic biomass into useable hydrogen gas. In particular, we focus on the development of cost-effective procedures for biomass pretreatment and catalysts for alkaline hydrothermal treatment, which is less studied as...

Highly Active Oxide Photocathode for Photoelectrochemical Water Reduction

Oct 17, 2011

Elijah Thimsen

A clean and efficient way to overcome the limited supply of fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect is the production of hydrogen fuel from sunlight and water through the semiconductor/water junction of a photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell, where energy collection and water electrolysis are combined...

Evaluation of Alternative Fuels to Replace Coal In Cement Manufacturing

Oct 17, 2011

Steve R. Duke

A multiyear DOE-supported study was completed to identify, determine, and understand fundamental burn characteristics and properties of alternative fuel sources to replace coal for energy generation, with emphasis on impacts in cement processing. Portland cement manufacturing involves the...

Solar Thermal Power Plant Simulation

Oct 17, 2011

Mohammad Abutayeh

A detailed model of a real solar thermal power plant has been built using a steady state power plant simulation software. The plant includes numerous parabolic trough collectors tracking the sun on a single axis. A heat transfer fluid flows in the focal line of the troughs collecting solar heat...

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