Alternative Energy

Investigation of Oxygen Diffusivity within Oxygen Carrier In Chemical Looping Process

Oct 17, 2011

Siwei Luo

Chemical looping process is effective in converting carbonaceous fuels into hydrogen and electricity while generating a sequestration-ready CO 2 stream. The process scheme is enabled by the cyclic reduction and oxidation reactions of an oxygen carrier (OC). The properties of OCs are of critically...

Solar Thermal Power Plant Simulation

Oct 17, 2011

Mohammad Abutayeh

A detailed model of a real solar thermal power plant has been built using a steady state power plant simulation software. The plant includes numerous parabolic trough collectors tracking the sun on a single axis. A heat transfer fluid flows in the focal line of the troughs collecting solar heat...

Development of Novel Electrocatalyst Support In Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells for Automotive Applications

Oct 17, 2011

Sehkyu Park

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells have received great attention as an alternative power source for transportation and stationary applications. A membrane-electrode-assembly (MEA) that generates electricity by electrochemical reactions consists of proton exchange membrane as an electrolyte...

A New Approach for Quantification of Morphology-Property Linkages In Fuel Cell Materials: A Case Study for PEM Fuel Cells

Oct 17, 2011

Emin Caglan Kumbur

Due to the complex morphology and small length scales of many fuel cell materials, experimental quantification of the key properties of these materials can be expensive and quite difficult to conduct, if not impossible. As a result, modeling efforts become an imperative approach to evaluate the...

Thermal Processing Techniques to Improve Metal Sulfide Mixed Alcohol Catalyst Performance

Oct 17, 2011

Jesse E. Hensley

Research over several decades by several institutions has shown that alkali-promoted metal sulfide catalysts are capable of producing mixed alcohols from syngas with high selectivity and yield. Unfortunately, process models suggest that syngas to mixed alcohol processes, and especially...

Evaluation of Alternative Fuels to Replace Coal In Cement Manufacturing

Oct 17, 2011

Steve R. Duke

A multiyear DOE-supported study was completed to identify, determine, and understand fundamental burn characteristics and properties of alternative fuel sources to replace coal for energy generation, with emphasis on impacts in cement processing. Portland cement manufacturing involves the...

Gas Evolution In a Flow-Assisted Zinc-Nickel Oxide Battery

Oct 17, 2011

Yasumasa Ito

Zinc-based rechargeable batteries are one of the most attractive electrical energy storage systems due to its advantages such as low cost and green. On the other hand, short cycle life due to internal short circuit is the most critical disadvantage. We have carried out experiments in flow-assisted...

Anisole and Guaiacol Deoxygenation Over Pt/Sn On Monolith Catalyst Supports

Oct 17, 2011

Miguel Angel Gonzalez Borja

Upgrading of pyrolysis oil vapors requires a catalytic reactor able to treat high reactant flow rates without generating a large pressure drop. Therefore, monolithic catalysts appear as good candidates for this purpose. In this contribution, low-surface-area Inconel monoliths were coated with in-...

Catalytic Hydrolysis of Ammonia Borane Using Co-B Nanoparticles Embedded In Mesoporous Silica Particles: a Very Efficient Catalyst for Hydrogen Production

Oct 17, 2011

Dushyant C. Kothari

Ammonia Borane (AB), with high hydrogen storage capacity (19.5 wt.%), is predicted to be possibly a future fuel for providing pure H 2 to fuel cell at room temperature for on-board and portable applications. However, a heterogeneous catalyst plays a vital role for first initiating and then...

Wood Pellets Self-Heating During Storage

Oct 17, 2011

Wendi Guo

Accidental fires in wood pellets silos happen frequently in the last five years. Experiments were carried out in this work at temperature range of 100 o C to 200 o C to study wood pellets chemical oxidation process. A self-heating model was developed to simulate the self-heating process using the...

Kinetic Model for Hydrodeoxygenation Reaction of M-Cresol On Alumina-Supported Pt Catalyst

Oct 17, 2011

Phuong T. Do

Variety of oxygenated compounds are detected in the pyrolysis oils, which leads to a number of associated problems such as low stability and reduced heating values. As a consequence, complete deoxygenation of bio oils with minimum hydrogen uptake is one of the proposed strategies toward improving...

Energy Efficiency of Battery Systems with Forced Convection Between Electrodes

Oct 17, 2011

Sun Ung Kim

The energy efficiency of an alkaline battery system with forced convective flow between the electrodes has been investigated. Rechargeable alkaline batteries, which depend on the reaction between zinc and manganese dioxide (Zn/MnO 2 ), have been widely used because of their excellent properties...

Solar Thermal Production of Hydrogen Using Alumina Supported Ferrites: Thermodynamic Evaluation and On-Sun Validation

Oct 17, 2011

Paul Lichty

Alumina supports were coated with CoFe 2 O 4 using an alternating atomic layer deposition process. Nano-powder and hollow skeletal shells were used as supports. Large, high surface area polymer particles (~600µm, 43.5 m 2 /g) have been coated via ALD with several layers of alumina. The alumina...

H2 Generation From Aqueous Methanol Electrolysis Using Hybrid Electrocatalysts Based Electrodes

Oct 16, 2011

Srihari K. Maganti

Methanol electrolysis offers an elegant path to generate pure H 2 at lower temperatures (5-120ºC), which subsequently can be used in a low power fuel cell. This process appears promising as it typically uses lower temperatures and voltages for H 2 generation as compared with the direct oxidization...

Mechanism of Li Adsorption On Carbon Nanotube-Fullerene Hybrid System: A First-Principles Study

Oct 16, 2011

Seung Soon Jang

The lithium (Li) adsorption mechanism on the metallic (5,5) single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-fullerene (C 60 ) hybrid material system is investigated using first-principles method. It is found that the Li adsorption energy (-2.649 eV) on the CNT-C 60 hybrid system is lower than that on the...

Novel Quaternary Ammonium Ionic Liquid Electrolyte for Stable, High Capacity Si Nanowire Based Li-Ion Battery

Oct 16, 2011

Vidhya Chakrapani

In recent years, there has been interest in silicon nanowires as an anode for Li-ion battery because of its large gravimetric capacity of 4200 mAh/g. 1D nanostructure are essential because they permit radial strain relaxation of mechanical stress which occurs due to the volumetric expansion (>...

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