Alternative Energy

Physical Properties and Rheological Characteristics of Deasphalted Oil Produced From a Solvent Deasphalting Process

Oct 19, 2011

Jung Moo Lee

Because of conventional oil being-exhausted and its increasing price, the technologies to use unconventional oil and low value crude residues, which have not been fully exploited, are receiving more and more interest. Unconventional oil contains a lot of asphaltene which hinders utilizability of...

Optimal Charge Rates for a Lithium Ion Cell

Oct 19, 2011

Saeed Khaleghi Rahimian

Optimal Charge Rates for a Lithium Ion Cell Saeed Khaleghi Rahimian, Sean Rayman, Ralph E. White Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC29208, USA Abstract The optimum charge rate for a lithium ion cell at each cycle is determined to maximize the useful life...

Lifetime and Efficiency Studies of Zinc/Bromine Electrochemical Energy Storage In Large Scale Renewable Energy Applications

Oct 19, 2011

Alex Bistrika

As the world's power needs grow, the demand for power from renewable resources, such as wind or solar, is increasing. One major drawback associated with these renewable resources is that the power output is dependent on environmental factors, such as cloud cover and wind speeds. This allows the...

New Catalytic Technology for Converting Heavy Oils Derived From Alberta Oil Sands Into Petrochemical Feedstock

Oct 18, 2011

Vasily Simanzhenkov

Oil sands operations in Alberta are poised to experience significant growth over the next number of years. Production of 1.31 million bbl/day of synthetic crude oil and bitumen blends from oil sands in 2008 is projected to increase to over 3 million bbl/day by 2018. This guarantees a large output...

A New Metal-Decorated Carbon Catalyst for Dehydrogenation of Complex Hydride Hydrogen Storage Materials

Oct 18, 2011

Sean S.-Y. Lin

In recent years, many new solid-state hydrides with a high hydrogen capacity that meet DOE requirement (> 7.5 wt.% H 2 ) have been synthesized as promising on-board hydrogen storage materials. In these hydrides, however, only a small fraction of hydrogen can be released at a desired on-board...

Production of Synthetic Paraffin Kerosene by Hydrocracking Fischer-Tropsch Wax

Oct 18, 2011

H. Nicholas Conkle

The US Air Force has committed to an alternative aviation-fuel initiative to implement a roadmap for testing and certifying alternative fuel components including biomass-derived alternatives produced from non-food plants, animal fats, and algae, as well as synthetic fuel components derived from...

Kinetics of Self-Hydrolysis of Concentrated Sodium Borohydride Solutions At High Temperatures

Oct 18, 2011

Rajasree Retnamma

Hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) over metal catalyst is being accepted as a potential technology to deliver H 2 for portable fuel cells. However, unresolved issues such as minimizing the amount of water and nature of hydration by-product limit the hydrogen storage capacities of NaBH 4 ...

Pilot Test for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Using a Fixed Bed Compact Heat Exchange Reactor

Oct 18, 2011

Hani Gadalla

Abstract A fixed-bed compact heat exchange reactor (CHER) was designed and constructed for by Chart Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction. This reactor contained a plate-fin structure with layers of mini-channels (channels having ~5 mm equivalent diameter) containing a total of 80 g of cobalt based...

A New Generation of Zirconia Supported Metal Oxide Catalysts for Esterification of Free Acid Feedstocks

Oct 18, 2011

Manhoe Kim

The acid catalyst promotes esterification by reacting the carboxylic group of the FFA with methanol to form methylesters and water. In this reaction mixture, the sulfuric acid is more miscible in the water product phase than the methanol phase leading to a pronounced water inhibition effect that...

Cellobiose Hydrolysis Using Acid-Functionalized Nanoparticles

Oct 18, 2011

Leidy Peña

Mineral acids have been used effectively for the pretreatment of cellulosic biomass to improve sugar recovery and promote its conversion to ethanol; however, substantial capital investment is required to enable separation of the acid, and corrosion-resistant materials are necessary. Disposal and...

Hydrothermal Fabrication of Ordered SnO2 Nanorod Arrays by Liquid Phase Conversion Process for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Oct 18, 2011

Umang V. Desai

One-dimensional semiconductor materials have attracted significant research interest because of their unique properties for various technological applications. SnO 2 , as a wide band-gap semiconductor material is a promising photoanode material for dye-sensitized solar cells because of its fast...

Comparison of Chemical and Biological Delignification of Cardboard

Oct 18, 2011

Estefania Isaza

Some processes aimed to biofuels production, use lignocellulosic wastes as feedstocks for fermentative conversion. If this is the case, pretreatment is required to make these resources fully digestible. Among a wide range of pretreatment options, this study focuses and compares oxidative-alkaline...

Modified AnoporeTM Hybrid Membranes for the Microfiltration of Cellulose Acid Hydrolysis Mixtures

Oct 18, 2011

Yong-Hong Zhao

Three classes of nonfouling substances, poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (POEM), poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA), and perfluoroalkyl tagged poly(ethylene glycol) surfactants (fPEG), were covalently tethered onto the surface of Anopore TM membranes (nominal pore size 0.2...

Study of Culture Strategies of Microalgae In a Continuous Photobioreactor System for Biofuel Production

Oct 18, 2011

Haiying Tang

The development of new biomass sources for alternative fuels has become a subject of increasing importance as the nation strives to resolve the economic and strategic impacts of limited fossil fuel resources on our national security, environment, and global climate. Algae are among the most...

A Future Energy Supply Based on Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC)

Oct 18, 2011

Daniel Teichmann

This lecture describes a concept for the establishment of a competitive energy distribution network based on Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC) compounds. These compounds are characterized by the fact that they can be loaded and un-loaded with considerable amounts of hydrogen in a cyclic...

Conversion of Cellobiose Into Glucose At near-Neutral pH Using a Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst

Oct 18, 2011

Po-Wen Chung

Strong acids under severe reaction conditions are known to rapidly hydrolyze cellulose with moderate selectivity towards glucose; however, enzymes in nature convert saccharides into glucose at higher selectivity using mild conditions dictated by carboxylate acids/carboxylate bases at the active...

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