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Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis

A thorough Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis, or risk, system is the core element in the RBPS pillar of understanding hazards and risk. The chapter describes the meaning of risk for RBPS purposes, the attributes of a risk system, and the steps an organization might take to implement a robust program for identifying hazards and analyzing risk. Introduction to Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis

Information regarding Remote Isolation and Shut Off

For more in-depth information regarding understanding hazards and risk, refer to CCPS' Guidelines.

LOPA – Going Down the Wrong Path

Mar 21, 2010
Robert F. Wasileski
Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) has quickly gained acceptance in the Chemical Processing Industries (CPI), and has risen to be one of the leading risk assessment techniques used for process safety studies. LOPA generally employs more rigor and science than what is encountered with qualitative...

Consistent Consequence Severity Estimation

Mar 21, 2010
Angela Summers
LOPA, as a semi-quantitative analysis, often provides inconsistent results. This can be due to physical differences between units but often it is due to team's perceptual differences. Initiating event frequency evaluation using guidance tables is more consistent than consequence evaluation where...

Thermal Stability of Chemicals Based on Kinetics and Vessel Parameters

Mar 21, 2010
Amy Theis
Thermal stability of a chemical mixture or pure material can be evaluated using adiabatic calorimetry. Several calorimetry testing instruments and techniques will be used and compared for a comprehensive evaluation. Results from these tests can be used to determine kinetic parameters which can be...

Is It Really an Independent Protection Layer?

Mar 21, 2010
Arthur M. Dowell
Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) is a simplified chemical process risk assessment tool that is used to determine if sufficient independent protection layers are in place to meet an organization's risk tolerance criteria for a particular hazardous scenario. LOPA can determine how much additional...

Lifecycle Physical Hazards of Polystyrene Foam Board

Mar 21, 2010
Atsumi Miyake
Polymer Foam Boards have been widely used for individual home and general building, from roofs and/or walls down to foundation, for example. On the other hand, these Boards have significant physical hazards, because flammable blowing agent has come to be used, replacing nonflammable CFC chemicals...

Quantitative Risk Assessment Case Study for Organic Acid Processes

Mar 21, 2010
R. Wayne Garland
Acetic acid is not a chemical covered by the OSHA PSM regulation, as its flash point is above the 100 F threshold for flammables; however, it is by no means a non-hazardous chemical. Eastman Chemical Company has a large number of processes containing acetic acid and related organic acids, and as a...

HAZOP, LOPA, SIL: Be Careful What You Ask for!

Mar 21, 2010
Mike Broadribb
In recent years Process Safety Engineers have promoted the use of HAZOP to identify hazards and assess safeguards, followed by LOPA to identify if additional protection layers are necessary and, if they are to be provided using safety instrumented functions, how reliable the SIFs need to be...

Risk Criteria

Apr 29, 2009
Fred Henselwood, Wayne Chastain
The new CCPS Guidelines for Establishing Risk Criteria will be published in mid-2009. This session includes papers regarding the development and application of risk criteria to improve a company's risk profile. Topics also include experience and examples with risk apportionment, international...

Managing Organizational Change

Apr 29, 2009
George Melham, John Wincek, Paul Davidson
Management of Change has long been recognized as a fundamental cornerstone of a process safety program. Through the years, most companies have evolved a mature system to manage technical changes -- equipment, materials, and technology -- in their facilities. In recent years, the effects of, and...

Food and Consumer Products Process Hazards

Apr 28, 2009
Catherine Kollhoff, Guy Colonna, John Bresland
The Food and Consumer Products area has significant hazards and risks from dust and flammable liquid explosions as well as from toxic releases. Moreover, the Montreal Protocol for the removal of Ozone Depleting incudes papers on the identification, prevention, control, and management of hazards and...

Hazard Evaluations and Layer of Protection Analyses

Apr 28, 2009
Bill Bridges, Gerald N. Evenson, Mark Kaszniak
Process hazard analyses (PHAs) and their extension into LOPAs and Safety Integrity Level (SIL) determinations continue to be central to loss prevention efforts. This session contains presentations related to identifying hazards, developing scenarios, determining the adequacy of safeguards, and...

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