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Technical Presentations

Is It Really an Independent Protection Layer?

Mar 21, 2010
Arthur M. Dowell
Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) is a simplified chemical process risk assessment tool that is used to determine if sufficient independent protection layers are in place to meet an organization's risk tolerance criteria for a particular hazardous scenario. LOPA can determine how much additional...

Lifecycle Physical Hazards of Polystyrene Foam Board

Mar 21, 2010
Atsumi Miyake
Polymer Foam Boards have been widely used for individual home and general building, from roofs and/or walls down to foundation, for example. On the other hand, these Boards have significant physical hazards, because flammable blowing agent has come to be used, replacing nonflammable CFC chemicals...

Quantitative Risk Assessment Case Study for Organic Acid Processes

Mar 21, 2010
R. Wayne Garland
Acetic acid is not a chemical covered by the OSHA PSM regulation, as its flash point is above the 100 F threshold for flammables; however, it is by no means a non-hazardous chemical. Eastman Chemical Company has a large number of processes containing acetic acid and related organic acids, and as a...

HAZOP, LOPA, SIL: Be Careful What You Ask for!

Mar 21, 2010
Mike Broadribb
In recent years Process Safety Engineers have promoted the use of HAZOP to identify hazards and assess safeguards, followed by LOPA to identify if additional protection layers are necessary and, if they are to be provided using safety instrumented functions, how reliable the SIFs need to be...

Instrumented Protective Systems for Distillation Operations

Mar 21, 2010
Jennifer Mize
Distillation is one of the most common unit operations in the chemical processing industry. Using relative volatility as a means of separating chemicals involves adding large amounts of energy to the system at the base of the column, typically through the use of a reboiler, and then removing that...

A Guide to Developing and Implementing Safety Checklists: Plant Steam Utilities

Mar 21, 2010
Delmar Morrison
Steam generation is an integral part of most chemical process plants; however, the steam plant often is or can be overlooked in the area of hazard analysis. The reasons for this oversight are obvious: steam generation is considered to be an old and well understood process, and steam boiler systems...

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